The expediency of using a finely ground mineral additive from burnt mudstone clay for the production of heat-resistant expanded clay concrete based on Portland cement with a rational dose of the additive of 30...50% by weight of the binder is shown. Compositions of heat-resistant expanded clay concrete with a maximum permissible application temperature of I10 classes in compressive strength up to B15 and an average density of up to 1500 kg/m3 have been developed. The efficiency of the technology for obtaining heat-resistant expanded clay concrete using pre-forced electric heating of the concrete mixture up to 60°C is substantiated and rational technological parameters of electric heating are determined. The residual strength of heat-resistant expanded clay concrete obtained using the developed technology, after short-term heating to 1000oC, exceeds 0.65 of the initial, which is higher than the values for analogues according to SP 27.13330.2017. The coefficient of linear temperature expansion of the developed heat-resistant expanded clay concrete in the temperature range of 200...1000oC varies within 2 ...5,8ˑ10-6 1/oC. The increase in the coefficient of thermal conductivity of the studied concretes with an increase in temperature up to 1000°C is up to 34%. The heat resistance of heat-resistant expanded clay concrete at 800oC, obtained using the technology of pre-forced electric heating of the mixture, was 12, 14 and 15 air heat changes, respectively, at a temperature of pre-forced electric heating of 60, 80 and 90 оC.

Keywords: heat-resistant expanded clay concrete, fine-ground mineral additive, mudstone, thermal conductivity coefficient, coefficient of linear thermal expansion, residual strength

The composition of fine-grained fiber-reinforced concrete using Portland cement, stone crushing waste, volcanic ash and basalt fiber are considered. It was revealed that with an increase in the ash content in cement, the compressive and flexural strength of fine-grained concrete decreases, and the water absorption increases. Without a significant reduction in the properties of fine concrete, you can enter no more than 10% of volcanic ash.It has been established that with an increase in the content of large fractions of aggregate, the compressive and flexural strength of fine-grained concrete increases as a result of a more compact arrangement of sand grains. The increase in the content of fine sand fractions reduces the strength characteristics of concrete, and increases water absorption. The dependence of the properties of fine-grained fiber-reinforced concrete on the method of mixing the mixture and molding products

Keywords: portland cement, stone-breaking wastes, volcanic ash, basalt fiber, grain size distribution, fine-grained fiber-reinforced concrete, bending strength and compression, method of mixture preparation, method of molding products

Fire-retardant gypsum solutions on exfoliated vermiculite were studied using volcanic ash and the multi-functional additive D – 5. It was revealed that the introduction of the D-5 additive by weight from the binder significantly speeds up the setting time of the composite gypsum solution on the expanded vermiculite. gypsum-vermiculite solutions with additives of Portland cement and D – 5 have a higher water resistance.The compositions of composite gypsum solution on exfoliated vermiculite and ash have been developed. It has been established that volcanic ash of a fraction of 0.0–0.315 mm can be replaced by expanded vermiculite without a noticeable increase in average density. Additives of Portland cement and D – 5 increase the strength of the gypsum composite vermiculite solution with ash, the softening coefficient of the composite increases to 0.75.

Keywords: gypsum, portland cement, expanded vermiculite, volcanic ash, additive D-5, fire protection, gypsum vermiculite solution, tensile strength at bending and compression, average density, softening coefficient

Fibroenothobetons with the use of sawing volcanic tuff were investigated. The compositions of fibropenot phobetons with the use of nylon and basalt fibers have been developed, which allow to significantly reduce shrinkage deformations and increase the strength characteristics of foam phobeton. The maximum increase in compressive strength by 38% and during bending by 110% is observed in samples of fibroenophoto concrete with a reinforcement of 0.6% by volume with basalt fibers. The combination of nylon and basalt fibers is more effective for reducing the shrinkage of foam photon concrete compared to mono-reinforced samples.

Keywords: portland cement, tuff sawing waste, Neopor 400 frother, nylon and basalt fiber, polyheating, foam concrete, fibroenote sand concrete, bending and compression strength, shrinkage

The results of studies on the development of composition gypsum solution mixtures on the pumice with the application of a multifunctional additive D, are represented. Are proposed the compositions of mortars on composition gypsum that binding and ashes, that make it possible to substantially improve the physicomechanical properties of solution mixtures and solution. The introduction of multifunctional additive D -5 to solution mixtures makes it possible to improve the properties of composition solution mixtures. The developed composition gypsum solution mixtures correspond to requirements ALL-UNION STATE STAN. 28013–98 and have low prime cost due to the use of the pumice

Keywords: gypsum, portland cement, pumice, additive D -5, composition gypsum mix, transverse strength and compression, density, the coefficient of the softening

Are represented the results of studies on the development of teploognezashchitnykh composition cement solution mixtures on the distended vermiculite and the pumice with the application of a multifunctional additive D -5. Are proposed the compositions of teploognezashchitnykh composition mortars, which make it possible to substantially improve the physicomechanical properties of solution mixtures and solution. The introduction of multifunctional additive D -5 to solution mixtures makes it possible to improve the properties of composition solution mixtures and to improve the characteristics of solution. The replacement of the fine dispersed fraction of the distended vermiculite d0,63 mm does not produce by pumice by the volume in the solution mixtures a noticeable increase in solution density, in this case their strength characteristics grow. The developed composition solution mixtures correspond to requirements ALL-UNION STATE STAN. 28013–98 and have low prime cost due to the use of the pumice

Keywords: portland cement, the distended vermiculite, pumice, additive D -5, teploognezashchitnyy composition solution, transverse strength and compression, the mobility of mixture, exfoliation property, the density

Are given the results of studies on the creation of samouplotnyayushchikhsya fine-grained fibrobetonov on the withdrawals of lithotrity with the application of a polyfunctional additive D -5. Are developed the compositions of samouplotnyayushchikhsya fine-grained fibrobetonov with the application of a basaltic fibre, which make it possible to considerably decrease the expenditure of cement and to improve the characteristics of fine-grained concrete mixture and concrete. The use of a polyfunctional additive D -5 in the mixtures makes it possible to increase the strength properties of fine-grained fibrobetonov with a simultaneous improvement in the rheological characteristics of concrete mixtures. The replacement of cement to 10 % from the mass by ashes of fraction d0,14 mm in the fine-grained concrete mixtures does not cause noticeable reduction in the strength properties of concrete. Developed samouplotnyayushchiesya fine-grained fibrobetony possess the increased strength properties and have low prime cost due to the use of local raw material and withdrawals of lithotrity

Keywords: cement, the withdrawals of lithotrity, ashes, polyfunctional additive D -5, basaltic fiber, samouplotnyayushchiysya fine-grained fibrobeton, strength for the bend and the compression, the mobility of mixture, the plan of the experiment

are given the results of studies of the fibropenogipsobetonnykh composites with the application of pumice. Are developed the compositions of gipsotsementoputstsolanovogo composite with the application of pumice, which make it possible to substantially reduce the expenditure of gypsum and to improve the characteristics of gypsum concrete. Is revealed the effect of foaming agent PB-2000 on the periods of gripping gypsum test. Are obtained the penogipsobetonnye composites on the basis of the gipsotsementoputstsolanovogo binding and synthetic foaming agent PB-2000. The developed compositions of the fibropenogipsobetonnykh composites with the application of pumice make it possible to reduce the expenditure of gypsum per 50 % with a simultaneous improvement in the physicomechanical properties of initial foam gypsum and a reduction in the prime cost of material due to the use of the local raw material

Keywords: gypsum, portland cement, ashes, foaming agent PB-2000, basaltic fiber, gipsotsementoputstsolanovyy composite, the periods of gripping gypsum test, penogipsobeton, the fibropenogipsobetonnyy composite, strength for the bend and the compression, the average

The results of studies on the development of solution mixtures on the withdrawals of lithotrity with the application of pumice and additive D, are represented. Are proposed the compositions of mortars, which make it possible to substantially reduce the expenditure of portland cement and to simultaneously improve the physicomechanical properties of solution mixtures and solution. The application of a multifunctional additive D -5 in the mixtures makes it possible to increase the strength properties of solution with a simultaneous improvement in the rheological properties of solution mixtures. The replacement of cement to 20 % from the mass by pumice of fraction d0,14 mm in the solution mixtures does not cause noticeable reduction in the strength properties of solution. The developed solution mixtures correspond to requirements ALL-UNION STATE STAN. 28013–98 and have low prime cost due to the use of local raw material and withdrawals of lithotrity

Keywords: portland cement, the withdrawals of lithotrity, pumice, additive D -5, transverse strength and compression, the mobility of mixture, exfoliation property, the water-holding ability

Are represented the results of studies on the development of the high-temperature (oxidation-resistant) fibroarmirovannykh composites with the application of volcanic pumice. The application of basaltic fibers in the composites makes it possible to increase strength, high-temperature (oxidation-resistant) properties of composite and to decrease shrinkage strain. Are revealed optimum percentage reinforcements by the volume by the fibres of concrete matrix and the relationship of fiber length to the diameter with the application of a method of the mathematical planning of experiment. The mathematical models of the strength properties of the composite are obtained

Keywords: portland cement, volcanic pumice, basaltic fiber, high-temperature (oxidation-resistant) properties, limit, compression strength and bend of the composite

The application of the fire-retardant heat-insulating coatings the application of light fillers is considered the effective method of fire protection of structures. Work is dedicated to the development of the new effective cement fire-retardant and high-temperature (oxidation-resistant) vermikulitobetonnykh composites with the use of ashes and pumice. It is revealed, that the application of construction gypsum and lime as the agent of the concealed hydraulic activity of pumice it made it possible to considerably reduce the expenditure of cement without reduction in the strength of fire-retardant composite. By wood by that saponified 0,1- 0,3% of the mass of cement the expenditure of water for the mixture is reduced during the introduction of resin, the density of vermikulitobetona decreases by 40-50 kg/m3. Is investigated the influence of the parameters of fiber reinforcement by basaltic fibers on the properties of vermikulitobetona. Are revealed the high fire-retardant properties of the developed fibrovermikulitobetonnykh composites. It is established that the addition of the volcanic pumice of the fraction d< of 0,16 ppm 30% of the mass of cement significantly increases the high-temperature (oxidation-resistant) properties of concrete block with a simultaneous increase in the bending strength and without noticeable reduction in the compressive strength. The replacement of the part of the volcanic pumice by the distended vermiculite makes it possible to reduce the average density of the vermikulitobetonnogo composite and to increase their high-temperature (oxidation-resistant) properties.

Keywords: portland cement, construction gypsum, lime, pumice, volcanic pumice, the distended vermiculite, basaltic fiber, resin wood saponified, the vermikulitobetonnyy composite, high-temperature (oxidation-resistant) properties, the limit of fire resistance, the

The development of new effective composites on the basis of technogenic raw material and local materials, which are characterized by low prime cost and improved physicomechanical characteristics, is urgent task. Deficiencies in gypsum in those binding and articles possibly as a result of the creation of composites with the use of effective fillers and dispersed reinforcement. Earlier we developed the gipsovermikulitobetonnye composites with the application of unslaked lime and withdrawals of the saw-milling of volcanic tuff. Use in the composites of pumice, basaltic fibers and portland cement will make it possible to enlarge raw-material base for obtaining the composites with the improved physicomechanical characteristics. The optimum relationship of the components of gypsum, ashes and portland cement, which would ensure obtaining composite with the improved physicomechanical properties with the smaller expenditure of binding agent is revealed. Simultaneously was investigated the influence of the grain composition of ashes on the properties of gipsotsementnoputstsolanovogo composite. Is proposed the stock mixture for preparing the gypsum concrete composite, which ensures the decrease of the specific expenditure of gypsum binding composite to 30,0% without reduction in the strength. The optimum relationship of components for preparing the gypsum concrete composite is revealed: the gypsum: ashes - 1:1, portland cement - 10 20% of the mass of gypsum. The influence of the parameters of fiber reinforcement is investigated by basaltic fibers on their properties with the application of a rotatable plan of the second order of the type of regular hexagon. It is revealed, that the maximum values of the parameters of optimization are observed in the central region of plan s i. Compression strength of the fibrogipsovermikulitobetonnogo composite increases 1,16-1,18, with the bend - 1,62-1,73 times with respect to the strength of initial matrix. The developed composites make it possible to reduce the expenditure of portland cement per 30% and to increase the coefficient of softening to 0,8. Further studies for the study of the fire-retardant properties of the developed composites.

Keywords: gypsum, portland cement, pumice, the distended vermiculite, basaltic fiber, the fibrogipsovermikulitobetonnye composites, the coefficient of softening, transverse strength and compression

Advantages of being self-сщьзсештп concrete of the lowered density (LSUB) before heavy and light concrete are shined, characteristics of components ЛСУБа and influence of their quantitative contents are provided in a mix on properties of the fresh and hardened concrete. The optimum mode of warmly moist processing is offered.

Keywords: Self-compacting concrete, the supersoftener, knitting, filler, a volcanic tufa.

Information about authors of issue №4 (2011)

Keywords: authors