The article discusses the design of a retaining structure in complex engineering and geological conditions, taking into account foreign and Russian regulatory requirements. The authors presented two design solutions for a retaining wall from a row of bored piles, made according to Russian and foreign regulatory prerequisites. For both construction options, the SSS parameters are determined and compared. In conclusion, it was concluded that the design of the retaining wall, made according to foreign regulatory prerequisites, turned out to be much more economical.

Keywords: retaining wall, ground anchor, calculation, protective structure, design, retaining structure, bored piles, road, stability, construction, road construction

The problem of physical deterioration values of residential buildings for a given period of time for practical purposes is considered. A review of the existing normative and technical documents for determining the physical deterioration of residential buildings has been carried out. Various methods for predicting physical deterioration for a given period of time are considered. The conclusion is made about a linear increase in physical deterioration with an average annual increase of 1%. Recommendations are given on the use of the data obtained in the planning of operational measures for the repair and maintenance of residential buildings .

Keywords: predicting, physical deterioration, residential building, building management, average annual increase, technical inspection, chronological age method, expert method, service life, technical condition assessment

Effective reinforcement of the coating beam, by means of the construction of a framing frame around it, implies a reasonable choice of a construction from a range of rolled metal. The frame creates a single system with the coating beam by means of tension devices, the change of forces in which provides state control. In the article, a comparative analysis of moments in a frame made of an I-beam and a special steel channel, as having potentially equal performance characteristics, is proposed for a comparative study. The research was carried out on the basis of numerical modeling by the finite element method using the Etabs software product. The result of the experiment was the transverse forces and moments determined in the newly formed system – the coating beam plus the frame – from the applied loads and the percentage of reinforcement of the beam when taking into account the frame. The array of numbers obtained as a result of the numerical experiment was processed by digital mathematical analysis.

Keywords: reinforced concrete beam, I-beam reinforcement, channel reinforcement, moment, percentage of reinforcement, load, numerical method, mathematical model, comparison of results, Etabs and wxMaxima software packages

An overview of methods for assessing the state of the environment is presented. The study of methods for assessing the state of the environment and the impact of production facilities is the most important factor contributing to reducing the negative impact on the environment. An example of a comprehensive assessment of atmospheric air in the Motovilikhinsky district of Perm using the Jobs-Decon software package is considered.

Keywords: ecology, environment, subject-oriented management, production facilities, assessment, Jobs-Decon, environmental pollution

The purpose of this article is to consider the concept of "polymer concrete", its classification, features of its use, role in modern construction and the likelihood of replacing traditional building materials. Also studied and structured theoretical material on the topic "concrete based on polymer binders", classification of polymer concrete according to V.V. Paturaev ,practical experience of its application. The possibility of using polymer concrete in modern realities and in the future is considered. General conclusions are made about the expediency of its widespread use from a practical and economic point of view.

Keywords: polymer concretes, polymer, binder, filler, reinforcement, resins, thermosetting, thermoplasticity , thermoplastic substances, thermosetes, polymer concrete (PO)

The effect of redispersible polymer powders on the change in the properties of building mortars after 60 cycles of heating to 60 ° C and cooling is investigated. An increase in the compressive strength from 11 to 27% was revealed at a dosage of RPP from 1 to 3%, and the introduction of an air-entrapping additive into the composition does not contribute to an increase in the compressive strength. A significant increase in the ratio of the tensile strength "flexural tension" has been established/compression", while the tensile strength of building mortars during bending practically does not change with an increase in the dosage of RPP, and the increase in tensile strength during bending occurs to a lesser extent than that of building mortars without RPP, and the presence of an air-entrapping additive contributes to an increase in the tensile strength during bending. A decrease in the initial modulus of elasticity was found almost independently of the dosage of the RPP to values of 0.82 – 0.84, and in the presence of an air-entrapping additive to 0.9 relative to normal hardening conditions. A decrease in the adhesion strength to the concrete base to values of 0.59 – 0.75 relative to normal hardening conditions was revealed. The presence of an air-entrapping additive leads to an increase in the adhesion strength after cyclic heating-cooling by more than 4 times.

Keywords: redispersible polymer powder, adhesion strength, modulus of elasticity, compressive and bending strength, cyclic heating-cooling

The formation of the structural form of the roof of trihedral trusses, each of which consists of two inclined flat trusses with a common lower chord, is considered. The design of the spatial truss is made with continuous chords of a closed composite section and a triangular slanting lattice from single rolling corners. The purpose of numerical research of a span trihedral trusses is to assess its stress-strain state with variability of influencing parameters. The methodology of numerical research is based on a calculated mathematical model of a trihedral truss with the application of single loads in the knots and allows you to obtain an array of stress-strain state data, taking into account the variability of the load, which is due to the characteristics of the construction region and the features of the enclosing structure of the roof. The structure of the spatial-stem model is based on a centered geometric scheme. The approbation of the presented methodology was carried out using a trihedral truss spatial-stem calculation model. As a result of numerical research of the proposed technique, data characterizing the stress-strain state of the trihedral truss model from a single nodal load were obtained. The analysis of the obtained results shows that the presented research methodology allows obtaining structured data taking into account the variability of load values and can have practical application of the calculation results in the design.

Keywords: trihedral truss; pentahedral composite profile; direct coupling knot; centered geometric scheme; stem calculation model

The paper considers the modern principles of the organization of the technical customer service. The disadvantages of the existing system of forming the structure of the technical customer are indicated.

Keywords: technical customer, organizational structure, self-regulating organizations, national register of specialists, construction control ensuring production flexibility

The paper presents the results of studying the dependences of the physico-mechanical properties of facing ceramics on the use of molybdenum trioxide. The additive together with boric acid is introduced into a charge based on low-plastic clay. The studied ceramic material was obtained by semi-dry pressing at a maximum firing temperature of 1050 ° C. Both additives used are fins, contributing to liquid-phase sintering and the effect of self-glazing of the surface of the material. At the same time, molybdenum trioxide also makes it possible to reduce the viscosity of the vitreous phase and increase its degree of crystallinity. The optimal amount of molybdenum trioxide has been established, which allows to effectively increase the strength and frost resistance of ceramics. The practical application of the developed composition of the charge will allow the use of low-quality raw materials for the production of facing construction ceramics with high performance characteristics.

Keywords: facing ceramics, molybdenum trioxide, low-plastic clay, boric acid, melting, liquid-phase sintering, self-glazing

The article presents the results of comparative analysis of the equations of Russian and foreign design codes for calculating the web strength capacity of I-beams with steel and fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) transverse reinforcement. It is known that the strength of the web is affected by the properties of the transverse FRP, in particular, its relatively low modulus of elasticity. When calculating the strength of the webl, both homeland and foreign design codes do not distinguish between structures with FRP and steel transverse reinforcement. To assess the accuracy of the equations of the codes, the calculation was performed on a sample made up of the results of our tests and the experiments of other authors. When calculating according to the method of SP 295 and Eurocode 2, overestimated values of the resistance of the web with FRP were obtained. The formulas for the strength of the webs, which give a significant margin when calculating beams with steel transverse reinforcement, also overestimate the resistance of beams for specimens with composite transverse reinforcement

Keywords: wall strength, I-beams, transverse reinforcement, design standards, basalt-composite reinforcement, steel reinforcement

During the construction of water treatment stations in group water pipelines, it exceeds 15 ... 30% of the cost of the entire system and directly depends on the technological scheme, the choice of which, in turn, is influenced by the quality of the water in the source and the performance of the station. In large group water supply systems, water from surface sources is usually used, which must be clarified, discolored, deodorized, and disinfected.

Keywords: plumbing, reagent, turbidity, filtration flow, reliability, non-failure operation, sediment, technological schemes, investments, filter

The article provides the basics of the theoretical prerequisites for the question of the reliability of elements of wooden structures, gives the structure that forms the parameters of reliability, formulates criteria for the use of scientific research in the design and calculation of structures using wood. The calculation implementation is presented on the example of calculating the deformability of the enclosing plywood panel of the coating.

Keywords: stress, deflection, elastic modulus, stiffness, load duration fraction, bending, design resistance of wood

This article discusses the relationship of all stages of the life cycle of buildings on the basis of information-analytical system IAS HCS. The full life-cycle cost of a 1,000-seat school was calculated. Using the IAS HCS program, we made calculations of the costs of repair work on three models: without taking into account any repair work, taking into account the repair of the main structural elements and taking into account the repair of all elements, based on the standard operating time. Real estate life cycle cost analysis can be performed for both new and existing buildings of any type (residential and public). Evaluation of the total costs of the full life cycle of the object can be applied by both the developer and the owner of the building to further improve the management system of the property.

Keywords: lifecycle of construction object, information modeling, social facilities, cost of repair work, replacement cost

The article substantiates the need to clarify the value of pressure losses in the shut-off valves. Various methods of determining the coefficient of local resistance of steel ball valves are considered. A comparative analysis of the values of the local resistance coefficient obtained theoretically and experimentally is performed. Recommendations on the application of numerical values of the local resistance coefficient of steel ball valves are given.

Keywords: hydraulic calculation, pressure loss, disconnecting devices, ball valve, local resistance coefficient

Mechanical systems oscillate relative to the equilibrium position, and their amplitude depends on both frequency and mass, shape, design and mechanical properties of the system. There are two parameters of the grequency response of mechanical systems: the frequency of their natural vibrations and dynamicity on the effect of forced vibrations (dynamic coefficient). The purpose of the article is to investigate methods for calculating the parameters of the frequency response such a frequency of natural vibrations and the dynamic coefficient of a cantilevered steel beam. The methods which were used are analytical, finite element method with the ANSYS software environment and experimental method on the vibration stand with two loading methods: sinusoidal vibration using the swinging frequency method and broadband random vibration. The obtained natural oscillation frequency values are consistent within the relative error of 15%, dynamic coefficient values are consistent within the relative error of 5%. The finite element method is well consistent with the analytical method, while it requires fewer operations for more complex designs. Differences in the results of experiments arise from differences in the methods of loading the object of research.

Keywords: frequency response, finite element mathod, ANSYS, natural vibrarion frequency, sweep check, broadband random vibration

The article is devoted to the actual problem of automating the life support processes of the system “intelligent building”, through the introduction of telemetry modules, in order to comply with the requirements of high-quality supervision, control and precautionary measures, in particular, in the areas of maintenance of water networks, responsibility for the operation of engineering networks and facilities between suppliers and consumers, ensuring water quality analysis. An analysis of the automated dispatching control and management system (on the example a water intake unit) shows that a lot of works (both Russian and foreign researchers) are devoted to the issues of control and distribution of water supply in the city, but narrowing the object of study to a complex of an automated sodium hypochlorite dosing system, the possibility of its optimization, taking into account the specific states of the system. The formulas given in the work for calculating the working dose and the amount of active chlorine, well as the number of strokes the dispenser pumps and the formulas for determining the actual working dose of the disinfection process, open up the possibility of clearly monitoring the actual dose and adjusting it, analyzing in detail the main parameters of the disinfection system. At the same time, the automatic control of the complex is carried out by a controller and PC, and the relevance lies in the use of telemetry control modules for organizing uninterrupted, remote operation of the dispatch service. Thanks to telemetric means of dispatching control and management of the state of water supply facilities, the process reaches a new qualitative level. The functionality of the water intake unit is expanding due to the introduction of telemetry and telecontrol system in the form of separate technological modules. The developed modules (through spatial and time series models) provide the performance of additional functions, such as: water quality control (residual chlorine, accounting for a number of random pollution factors), support for the route technology of the dispatching system, remote control of actuators with the possibility of automatic control, self-diagnostics of the software and hardware complex, as well as planning preventive measures. repair and restoration works of engineering systems. As a result of operational monitoring of water quality (using a telemetry module), optimal ratios of chlorine entering the water are automatically provided in the chlorination room. At the same time, the author convincingly proves that the use of the proposed method for monitoring and transmitting data makes it possible to perform continuous remote diagnostics (of communication channels, the performance of all systems) and, importantly, there is no need to send specialists directly to the object each time (parameterization and calibration of devices is carried out remotely). Quick setting of limit levels and modes of operation allows you to flexibly control the production process, reconfigure it according to changing tasks and re-equip it (if necessary).

Keywords: diversification of management, production diversification, financial and economic purposes of a diversification, technological purposes of ensuring flexibility of production

This paper presents the results of a study of the nature of lifting the tail lift of a truck with a hydraulic drive that supplies the working fluid to the cylinders in series for two positions of the center of gravity of the load on the lifting platform. A diagram of a hydraulic drive is presented, which supplies the working fluid to the hydraulic cylinders in series. Mathematical models describing the operation of the hydraulic drive are compiled according to the scheme. Simulation modeling was carried out using the MATLAB Simulink environment.

Keywords: wheel tyre, suspension module, wheeled vehicle, MATLAB Simulink, mathematical model, modeling

The article discusses the areas and prospects for the use of low-poly geometric models in the construction industry. Data on foreign researches in the considered area are given. The main differences of this type of models from the three-dimensional components of information models are listed, the difference in the methods of their development is described. An analysis of the currently relevant areas of application of these models in the construction industry was carried out, the key features that models should have to use them in these areas are named.

Keywords: civil engineering, low-polygon models, architectural and urban planning solutions, virtual reality, 3D cadastre, geoinformation systems

The article is devoted to the study of curves that are not representable by the intersection of two surfaces. In modern architectural practice, they very often depart from classical forms, replacing them with complex surfaces. Recently, there has been the development of such an architectural style as architectural bionics or bio-tech. Faced with the challenges of sustainable development and its impact on the environment, the construction sector faces the necessary need for innovation. Architecture is presented as one of the promising areas of knowledge use based on biological research. And it is able to respond to current environmental problems. Indeed, many species of animals and plants know how to apply adaptation strategies to the environment and its transformations, forming together with it a sustainable ecosystem. Technological advances in very small-scale observation allow for deeper knowledge of how nature works and offer a new source of knowledge and inspiration for architecture.

Keywords: architecture, spatial curves, axonometric projections of curves, narrowed curves, bionics, biomimicry, eco-innovation

Vector fields in ocean acoustics are the fields of particle velocity and power flow density. Vector analysis methods are used for theoretical analysis and classification of singular points in a hydroacoustic waveguide. Modeling of the power flow field is carried out as a product of the pressure fields and the components of the velocity particle field. The fields of pressure and velocity particles are calculated by the method of normal modes. The simulation of the power flow field in hydroacoustic waveguides with different sound velocity profiles and different acoustic properties of the bottom is carried out. Some regularities in the location of singular points are revealed.

Keywords: hydroacoustic waveguide, pressure field, particle velocity field, power flow field, singular points

The problem of synthesizing the parameters of the drive control system of the responsible unit of the construction 3D printer - the screw dispenser of the print head using the method of neuro-fuzzy control is considered. An algorithm for building an intelligent drive control system is described. A training sample is obtained from the data of variables determined as a result of modeling the automatic system control with a continuous proportional-integral-differentiating (PID) regulator. Training of a neuro-fuzzy output system in the MATLAB software environment is performed using the hybrid method a. Transient characteristics of the control system with continuous and neuro-fuzzy proportional-differentiating (PD) regulator are obtained. Direct indicators of the quality of the considered control systems are determined, and an analysis of these results is carried out. The use of neuro-fuzzy control of the screw doser drive of the 3D printer print head made it possible to obtain the desired a transient process confirmed as a result of a computational experiment.

Keywords: 3D printer, screw dispenser drive, print head, concrete mix, transfer function, proportional-integral-differentiating controller, neuro-fuzzy output system

TThe modeling of the process of distribution of profile oil pipes in a well by means of a cone punch is considered and the determination of the force necessary for its pushing is carried out on this basis. The normal force for one protrusion of the pipe profile was found. The change in the deformation resistance and profile geometry during distribution is taken into account. The optimal taper angle is determined and the geometric parameters of the punch are selected, including the largest and smallest diameters and its length. A numerical example of calculation based on the obtained formulas is given, which shows the technical feasibility of the process.

Keywords: distribution, oil profile pipes, protrusion force, equilibrium equation, deformation resistance, tool geometry, numerical example

The paper considers a mathematical model of the ion-beam etching process. A nonlinear differential equation of first-order ion-beam etching is considered. It has been established that the model equation for ion-beam etching can be reduced to a homogeneous Monge-Ampere equation. Some classes of exact solutions are presented for this equation. A power-law solution is obtained by the method of functional separation of variables, which depends only on a set of constants and does not contain arbitrary functions. Solutions are also found that linearly depend on arbitrary functions of the coordinate variable and the time variable. Assumptions and explicit conditions are formulated on how to select solutions from the families of solutions of the Monge-Ampere equation that correspond to the model process under consideration. A class of nonlinear equations in partial derivatives of the first order is indicated, which can also be reduced to the Monge-Ampere equation. Limitations on the etching rate are established, which allow the ion-beam etching equation to be reduced to a second-order linear hyperbolic equation, for which, by separation of variables, it is possible to obtain a solution in the form of a Fourier series.

Keywords: ion-beam etching equation, Monge-Ampere equation, model solutions, exact solutions

The work of the FL200AN300+TR regulators installed in the hydraulic fracturing plant No. 4 in Volgograd is considered. The results of calculations of the throughput capacity of pressure regulators are presented. The range of their stable operation is determined on the basis of archival data of the gas flow metering unit. It was revealed that not all outlets provide stable operation of pressure regulators with minimal gas consumption.

Keywords: head gas control point, pressure regulator, throughput, range of stable operation