Transportation is one of the most important stages in the management of cement delivery, which accounts for 60% of total costs. Thus, a slight improvement in the collection and processing of data on the operation of concrete mixers can have a significant impact on the overall savings spent on the work of companies engaged in transportation. On the other hand, the movement of heavy vehicles carrying cement mixture leads to the spread of air pollution and damage to the road surface in case of excessive loading. Therefore, the issue of determining the route of the vehicle to achieve this goal is very important. In this study, the routing process of concrete mixers was modeled using random routing problems and genetic algorithms. The simulation results showed that the genetic algorithm converges to the optimal answer. On the other hand, the volume of the cost function decreases from 1,177,500 rubles to 158,900 rubles. due to the optimization of the mentioned model, and the performance result led to the appearance of the shortest possible path. With the help of the algorithm, all the parameters of sustainable development management are achieved, including reducing air pollution, reducing fuel consumption and reducing the destruction of the road surface. Finally, thanks to the integration of the GLONASS/GPS software, the output data of the algorithm was mapped to the map.

Keywords: optimization of routes, fuel efficiency, reduction of emissions, preservation of the integrity of the road surface, optimization, logistics, modeling, special car, urban operation

The presence of vibration loads in any node or unit almost always leads to negative consequences in one way or another. Vibrations affect both biological objects and materials. High level of vibrations, under certain conditions can even lead to the destruction of the surfaces of parts and node as a whole. The purpose of these studies was to study the vibration-absorbing ability of zinc electroplating, used to restore the seating holes of the housing parts of machines. The main task was to determine the presence and the level of vibration-absorbing ability of zinc in relation to grey cast iron SCh18. The research was carried out on a laboratory prototype of a gearbox (gear reducer) with the use of vibration sensors and an oscilloscope. As a result, the vibration damping ability of galvanic zinc was proved and the comparative level of vibration damping in comparison with Cr18 cast iron was determined. For this study, zinc was electroplated from sulfuric acid electrolyte on the inner surface of the cast iron shells. First, readings were taken without zinc plating, then a 0.1 mm zinc layer was applied and readings were taken. After obtaining the data, the zinc layer was removed mechanically, the next 0.2 mm coating layer was applied and the readings were taken. The process was repeated with a coating interval of 0.1 mm until the zinc electroplating thickness of 0.6 mm was reached.

Keywords: load, vibration, vibration-absorbing capacity, electroplating, substrate, vibration velocity, vibration acceleration, oscillograms, sulfuric acid electrolyte, zinc coating, gray cast iron

This article is devoted to the study of concentrations of carbon monoxide (II), phenol, formaldehyde, aliphatic hydrocarbons in the premises of buildings, including the assessment of the regularities of their vertical distribution in the height of buildings at different times of the day from vehicles. Research is necessary to develop a program for electronic computers, which is necessary for the design of construction projects.

Keywords: помещения, оксид углерода (II), фенол, формальдегид, углеводороды алифатические, здания, время суток

An analysis of the accident rate on gas pipelines is given. Mathematical dependences of the volume of gas entering the atmosphere during the degassing of a gas pipeline section are given. Based on the existing nomogram for determining the gas compressibility factor for main gas pipelines, a nomogram for natural gas transported through gas distribution networks was constructed.

Keywords: gas pipelines, accident rate, degassing, gas bleeding, gas compressibility factor

The article analyzes the impact of the transition to distance learning on the academic performance of students of the Institute of Computer Science, Electronics and Robotics. The disciplines are identified, the development of which does not cause difficulties in the remote format and disciplines to which such technologies are difficult to apply. Based on the findings, recommendations are given to improve the quality of education at the Institute.

Keywords: quality, distance technologies, academic performance, control card, alternative attribute

The results of the studies show that the manufacturer of composite materials for the consumption of reinforced concrete structures depends and produces materials for reinforcement, material properties and their quality. Such a thing requires the study of properties, fixing in the structure of materials. The article is devoted to the appeal. A program has been specially developed for influencing structures with unexplored, but the most popular composite materials in Russia, in particular, in the Rostov region. Certain parameters of reinforced structures that will be checked during the testing process. The program of the experiment was designed in such a way as to capture the most important reinforced concrete structures used in construction.

Keywords: concrete, reinforced concrete, composite material, carbon fiber reinforced plastic, external reinforcement, deformations, compressed elements

An overview of the rationale for the use of lightweight multi-hollow floor slabs is given. Technological and design features of multi-hollow floor slabs are considered. The possibilities of rational use and labor intensity of lightweight hollow floor slabs are presented. On the basis of existing technologies, calculation methods for lightweight hollow slabs and current norms, the calculation of monolithic slabs in the Lira software package was carried out. The work of floor slabs with spans equal in two directions is considered. It was found that regardless of the span of the floor slab, the effect of reducing its own weight exceeds the effect of reducing the cruelty of the section. The total deflection from the floor slab's own weight and payload on it for hollow slabs is lower than for solid slabs of the same span.The conducted numerical experiment allows us to establish the limits of the effectiveness of the use of lightweight multi-hollow monolithic floor slabs, upon reaching which the use turns out to be significantly more profitable than the use of traditional girderless floors.

Keywords: constructive scheme, software package, overlap, building, multi-cavity plate, calculation, labor intensity, design

In the production of petroleum products, the study of IR absorption spectra is most often used to analyze the properties of a mixture. The priority of this method is due to the fact that the characteristics of the IR spectrum are directly related to the nature (structure and chemical composition) of the absorbing substance, and also depend on the aggregate state of the substance, temperature, pressure, etc. The unambiguity of the relationship between the molecular structure of a substance and its IR spectrum allows us to determine the composition of the mixture. For this purpose, calibration models should be built that connect the IR spectrum with the value of the quality indicators of petroleum products. The paper considers the methods of creating calibration models proposed by various authors, presented in well-known literary sources. To create calibration models in this paper, it is proposed to use the method of principal components and neural network modeling. Also, in order to increase the reliability of the automated control system for compounding motor fuels, it is proposed to use virtual analyzers (VA) of quality indicators of communication models, the quality indicator calculated from the calibration models of the flow analyzer with the corresponding technological variables of the compounding process. The output of the calibration models is also used for adjusting the VA.

Keywords: Oil refining, IR spectrometer, quality indicators of petroleum products, flow IR quality analyzer, calibration models of the analyzer, virtual quality analyzer

The paper proposes a method for preparing a dataset for training and testing neural networks in the MATLAB environment using the Image Processing Toolbox package of functions. An example of the implementation of this technique for preparing a dataset for training convolutional neural networks to classify wheat seeds into high-quality and low-quality classes according to its images is given. This technique was used to obtain a dataset of 900 images, which were successfully used to train and test the convolutional neural network.

Keywords: dataset, convolutional neural networks, artificial intelligence, image classification

The article discusses the use of mathematical modeling of the transmission of a car in the Simulink environment. Studies of the influence of individual transmission factors on the functional parameters of the KAMAZ 4308 car have been carried out. Differential equations describing the operation of the transmission are solved in a matrix way, allowing to study the dynamics of the car taking into account the moments of inertia of the engine, transmission and individual wheels of the car.

Keywords: transmission, wheeled vehicle, clutch, differential, gear ratio, simulation, maximum speed

This paper presents a mathematical model and a geometric method of image-based object classification intended to improve the accuracy of object classification by filtering out noise objects.

Keywords: image processing, object recognition, pattern recognition, object identification, classification

At present, various software systems are widely used to carry out researches in the field of technology, make it possible to create mathematical models of real objects. Their further study allows to obtain a large amount of calculated data necessary for units’ design, resource assessment and performance of the object under study. This makes it possible to significantly reduce the conduct of experimental studies of real objects, as well as to obtain additional data that characterize specific parts during operation, such as the values of internal stresses, natural vibration frequencies, data on strength, fatigue, etc. However, during the process of real objects models creating, not always all the necessary data is available. In this regard, it is necessary to carry out research with some real details. To determine the material hardness of the rotor shaft of the turbocharger at different depths from the shaft surface, special new samples were made. Next, the microhardness of the material was determined. The hardness of the material from the surface decreases and at a depth of 1 mm becomes equal to the hardness of the unhardened one. After research finishing, a geometric model of the rotor shaft is created. The model is created using the SolidWorks Simulation complex. The working part of the shaft model consists of two layers: the first one is the surface with increased hardness and 1 mm thick; the second one is internal unhardened. This model is used in the research and development of technological processes for the repair of the part.

Keywords: software package, mathematical model, static analysis, rotor shaft, hardening, hardness, sample, depth, surface layer, repair

Polymer concrete is a concrete that uses polybutadiene, a polymer from the liquid rubber family, as a binder, so that it has elastic properties and is extremely resistant to aggressive chemicals, high water repellency and high compressive strength. It does not reveal the destruction typical for ordinary concrete, such as cracking and peeling. It has a high electrical resistance, increased mechanical compressive and tensile strength. In addition, polymer concrete is a durable material with water-repellent properties and resistance to aggressive chemical environments. The proposed polymer concrete uses a conventional aggregate, which is used to produce ordinary concrete, but a polymer is used as a binder. Also, the usage of non-metal composite reinforcement is proposed (APP patent No. 16983646). Below are the results of testing samples with three types of dispersed reinforcement.

Keywords: polymer concrete, rubber concrete, composites, fittings, manufacturing methods, testing

The aim of the study is to develop an "evolutionary model" of a transport interchange complex (TIC) - as a kind of ”growth point" of an aeropolis. Methods of “prognostic” and “structural-morphological” modeling of TIC are used for reasonable planning of the growth and development of the aeropolis. Five intermediate architectural and typological models of the transport and transfer complex have been identified: 1) bus station; 2) bus station with logistics center; 3) intermodal complex station; 4) transport and business center; 5) transport and public complex. Its "structural and morphological units", which include: a) functional components; b) structural and tectonic "units"; c) communication "framework"; d) elements of the growth of the aeropolis. A similar diachronic (developing) model of a transport interchange complex ensures its phased planning, optimal functional zoning of the facility for each intermediate phase, which will allow it to be self-sufficient at the early stages of operation. architecture.

Keywords: architecture, shaping, functioning, spatial development, transport interchange complex, transport interchange hub, transport infrastructure, aeropolis, model, structural and morphological approach, social and business center

the article analyzes the economic instruments used by states in domestic and foreign policy from the point of view of identifying the existing coercive mechanisms in modern social practices. The study revealed how states use economic instruments as the preferred means of geopolitical struggle. In addition, the work separately reflects the fact that States should preserve the right to an original socio-economic model of development. We should also not forget about the negative consequences of unilateral coercive measures. Using the method of cognitive modeling and constructing cognitive maps, the authors identify the connections in the analyzed social practices from the perspective of studying the means of geo-economic pressure.

Keywords: cyberwarfare, cyberattacks, cybersecurity risks, communication networks, transport systems, tactical, operational and strategic initiatives