Ferrous metallurgy enterprises annually emit into the atmosphere a significant amount of highly dispersed dust with a particle size of 10 microns or less. The article presents the results of a study performed to determine the dispersed composition of aerosols in dust and gas air flows coming from emission sources to unorganized sources of emissions into the atmosphere. Based on the results of microscopic analysis with determination of the fractional composition of the dust, integral dependences of the density of distribution over equivalent sizes (diameters) D for the ingredients accepted for the study were obtained. This made it possible to determine the average median values of the equivalent sizes of dust particles of harmful substances. An assessment of the power of dust emissions from unorganized sources of steelmaking enterprises into the atmosphere of cities has been carried out. In order to improve the environmental safety of the steelmaking shop, it was concluded that it is advisable to reconstruct existing aspiration systems using highly efficient wet dust collectors.

Keywords: metallurgy, aerosol, dust, ingredient, particle, dust collector, electric steelmaking shop, dispersion analysis, distribution density ,average median diameter, dh 50

At the present stage of increasing competition, the increased level of threats to the economic condition of business entities in any sector of the economy requires special attention. Enterprises of this industry annually emit aerosols of various composition and origin into the atmosphere: iron, vanadium, aluminum oxides, manganese oxides and other heavy metals. One of the components of safety is environmental safety and ensuring safe working conditions. The chemical composition of the dust-gas-air mixture of metallurgy enterprises is considered in the article, and the dispersed composition of aerosol emissions is determined. The data of the results of microscopic analysis of the fractional composition of dust based on the data of integral dependences of the density of distribution by equivalent sizes (diameters) D for the ingredients accepted for the study allowed us to determine the average median values of equivalent dust diameters.

Keywords: metallurgy, aerosol, electric steelmaking shop, dust-gas-air mixture, dispersion analysis, average median diameter, dh 50

The problem of atmospheric air pollution by dust particles, along with the formation of greenhouse gases, covers many countries of the world. To monitor the state of atmospheric air, expensive and cumbersome monitoring stations are traditionally used, for which state organizations are responsible. The use of inexpensive sensor particle sensors that will allow real-time measurements at the border of the sanitary protection zone of industrial enterprises and on the territory of the residential zone opens up new prospects in the field of atmospheric air research. Currently, about 10 thousand inexpensive sensors operate on the territory of 75 countries of the world, which causes the involvement of citizens in the collection of data on the state of atmospheric air. The presented technology for monitoring the concentration of fine particulate matter can replace the traditional measurement method, but the question remains of the value of the data obtained in terms of their accuracy. This article discusses the factor influencing the deviation of the readings of the inexpensive Nova SDS011 solid particle sensor. To do this, the sensor was tested in real environmental conditions, experimental dependences of the concentration of dust particles of no more than 2.5 micrometers depending on humidity were obtained.

Keywords: atmospheric air, PM2.5, Nova SDS011 sensor, dust particle concentration, monitoring stations, relative humidity

The article assesses the impact of road transport on air pollution of roadside areas of a major transport highway in Volgograd. The road-car complex makes a significant contribution to air pollution by solid particles, significantly exceeding the background value. One of the criteria for assessing the impact of dust particles on the air environment according to the World Health Organization is the mass content of particles with a diameter of less than 10 microns (PM10) and 2.5 microns (PM2.5) in atmospheric air, which is normalized in the territory of the Russian Federation by hygienic standards. The fractional composition of dust particles entering the atmospheric air was assessed by the Microtrac S3500 laser particle analyzer, the concentration by the Lighthouse 3016-IAQ particle counter. The results of the dispersion analysis are presented in the form of the Rosin–Rammler–Sperling–Bennett function of the volume distribution of particles over diameters.

Keywords: dust, particle, dispersed composition, concentration, road transport, atmospheric air, transport highway

The article considers the concentration dependence of dust particles PM2.5 and PM10 on a curb stone on a number of influencing parameters. According to the data of field measurements, a quadratic regression equation was compiled, according to which the factors that have the greatest influence on the spread of fine dust near the roadway were determined. The results of mathematical processing of experimental data are presented in the form of a graph of the confidence area of the observed and predicted values constructed using the STATISTICA software product.

Keywords: PM10, PM2.5, fine dust, roadway, linear city, concentration dependence

Dust particles formed and propagated on the territory of industrial enterprises have certain physico-chemical properties. The traditional characteristic defining the properties of a dispersed (powder) system is its granulometric composition. Often, such properties of a dispersed material as (hygroscopicity, strength, porosity, abrasiveness, etc.) depend not only on the particle sizes in the dispersed material, but also on the shape of dust particles. Therefore, for a more complete analysis of the resulting emissions, it is necessary to know the shape of the solid particles contained in the gas-air mixture. To analyze the morphometric characteristics of solid particles, the transmission microscopy method was used, followed by the translation of the obtained raster photographs into binary format. The analysis of the obtained images was performed by Spotexplorer software. The data obtained after processing binary images were used to determine the morphological composition of solid particles.

Keywords: sphericity coefficient, cement plant, solid particle, microscopy, atmospheric air, emission, morphology.

The sedimentation analysis method is based on the measurement of the deposition rate of suspended solids depending on their equivalent diameter. The use of sedimentation for disperse systems is limited by their size, as microscopic dust particles have low deposition rates and are difficult to analyze. Therefore, for finely dispersed systems, the authors propose a method of sedimentation analysis using portable cameras that record the deposition process and break it down into frames. The images obtained frame by frame are translated with the help of a graphic editor into binary (black and white) format, which is able to process the software. The experimental data obtained are presented in the form of tables and distribution functions.

Keywords: sedimentation, dispersion, dust, binary photography, equivalent diameter, cement dust, distribution function