This paper is aimed to present the produced compositions of bitumen- mineral open (BMO) mixtures for the Novoselovsky district of the Krasnoyarsk Territory. The Federal Road M53 runs through the area and in this district in particular it is characterized by steep ascents and descents. To ensure the required adhesion properties of road asphalt concrete pavements with car wheels for thepurpose of traffic safety in the area under study, the construction of rough wearinglayers or toppings from BMO mixtures has been suggested. Compositioncalculations were carried out using local mineral materials and BMO mixtures,after which test samples were prepared in laboratory conditions. It has beenestablished that the developed BMO mixture compositions meet all regulatory requirements. Recommendations are developed for the factory technology ofpreparing bitumen-mineral open mixtures and the design of rough wearing layers.Instructions for technical control during the preparation of BMO mixtures aregiven. The Road Repair and Construction Department of the Novoselovsky districthas already introduced the obtained compositions into the practice of road construction.

Keywords: bitumen-mineral open mixtures, rough wearing layers, toppings, roads, asphalt concrete, bitumen, crushed stone, sand, compositions, technology

The paper presents the results of research on the application of gypsum hydrate cakes, the waste products of the refining process at the Krastsvetmet non-ferrous metals plant, for the production of construction materials. The study examined pasty cakes for use in building mortars, and after drying and grinding, the resulting cake powder was further used as a fine filler in asphalt concrete mixes. The optimal composition of the construction mortar was determined using a mathematical method of experimental design. The construction mortars were prepared based on cement and local mineral materials. The study demonstrated that it is possible to get construction mortars of the required strength based on the cakes. The cake powder obtained after drying was examined as a mineral powder for asphalt concrete. Tests showed that the cakes met the requirements for grade MP-3 mineral powders in all aspects. Asphalt concrete incorporating the cakes also met the regulatory standards for its key properties. Based on the research results, the optimal compositions of mortars and asphalt concrete were recommended for implementation to construction companies in the Krasnoyarsk Krai.

Keywords: waste products, cakes, construction mortars, compositions, properties, regression equations, durability, water retention capacity, segregation, mineral powder, asphalt concrete

The study findings on the utilization of ethyl silicates for enhancing bitumen properties are showcased. The impact of ethyl silicate grades 28, 32, and 40 on the characteristics of BN 90/10, BN 70/30 construction bitumen, and BND 60/90 road bitumen was evaluated. On the basis of the conducted studies, grades of bitumen and ethyl silicate were selected, the compositions based on which have the best performance. The compatibility of ethyl silicates with bitumen was tested. It has been established that a smaller amount of ethyl silicate is combined with high-quality bitumen. Based on the infra-red spectra, it was shown that there is no chemical interaction between bitumen and ethyl silicate, but a hydrolysis reaction occurs with the formation of hydrogen bonds. It has moreover been determined that ethyl silicates exhibit both plasticizing and structuring effects on bitumen, resulting in improved frost resistance of polymer-bitumen compositions. Requirements for materials aimed at waterproofing of structures for soil and concrete constructions have been developed and presented. In order to increase the low-temperature limit of applicability of polymer bitumen compositions, additives of liquid oligomeric rubbers from the Yaroslavl synthetic rubber plant (SK-1), as well as latexes from the Krasnoyarsk and Omsk plants were studied together with ethyl silicates. Recommendations are given on the use of ethyl silicates in waterproofing mastics and asphalt polymer concrete.

Keywords: bitumen, ethyl silicates, compatibility, properties, plasticizing and structuring additives, waterproofing mastics, asphalt polymer concrete, IR spectra, soil and concrete structures

The paper presents the results of research into the road polymer-modified asphalt (PMA) concrete, which is supposed to be used in the Siberian region, in particular, in the city of Krasnoyarsk and the Krasnoyarsk Territory. For the preparation of asphalt concrete, a polymer additive was used in the form of DST-30 grade thermoplastic elastomer. In addition, the results of studies using IR spectroscopic methods of the processes of interaction between bitumen and DST dissolved in industrial oil are presented. It has been established that the change in the physical properties of bitumen when DST is added to its composition is a consequence of chemical interaction in the studied composite binder. On the previously developed composition of the polymer bitumen binder, hot asphalt polymer concretes were prepared, which were studied for the main physical and mechanical indicators. The resulting compositions meet the regulatory requirements. When compared with the properties of asphalt concrete on "pure" bitumen, it was found that the introduction of a polymer additive leads to an increase in durability at 20 and 500C, water resistance and strength reduction at 00C, which indicates an increased crack resistance at a negative temperature of polymer-modified asphalt concrete compared to regular asphalt concrete. Recommendations on the factory technology for the preparation of asphalt concrete are given. The resulting compositions are proposed for industrial implementation by road maintenance bodies and firms in the city of Krasnoyarsk.

Keywords: polymer bitumen binder, asphalt polymer concrete, thermoplastics, compositions, properties, experiment, industrial oil, regression equations

This paper provides the results obtained from the studies of polymer-bitumen binder (PBB) used for the production of polymer-modified asphalt cements (PMA). Thermoplastic elastomers produced at Voronezh Synthetic Rubber Plant, as well as at Chinese and Korean production units have been studied in order to obtain PBB. It has been established that locally-produced thermoplastic elastomers of DST-30 grade demonstrate the best performance indicators. To reduce the costs, speed up the preparation process and improve the properties of PBB, a new technology for incorporation of DST into bitumen was developed. It is suggested that DST should first be dissolved in industrial oil of the trademark IM-20, and after that the polymer solution should be incorporated into bitumen. Furthermore, the limiting concentrations of DST additive in oil were determined, which range from 10 to 30%. The influence of the DST additive on the properties of the domestically produced bitumen of the Achinsk Oil Refinery grade BND 90/130 was revealed. Studies have found that the inclusion of additives leads to an increase in extensibility, elasticity and a decrease in the brittleness temperature of bitumen, which indicates an increased deformability of the polymer-bitumen binder. Using the method of experiment planning, the optimal composition of PBB was determined: the ratio of DST and oil stands at 19% DST and 81% oil; the amount of polymer solution in the binder equals 9%. This composition was prepared in laboratory conditions, its properties were determined and compared with the requirements. The prepared composition of the PBB was recommended for industrial implementation to the roadway maintenance bodies of the city of Krasnoyarsk and the Krasnoyarsk Territory.

Keywords: diversification of management, production diversification, financial and economic purposes of a diversification, technological purposes of ensuring flexibility of production