The article is devoted to the problem of determining the electromagnetic influence degree of electrified AC railways traction networks. The potential, induced by the field, can create a threat to life and health, create conditions for failure of low-voltage equipment, appear as a source of interference. This article considers some approaches to the calculation of electromagnetic field characteristics and gives a critical analysis of the methods used.

Keywords: ice melting, calculated coefficients, selection of optimal parameters, traction power supply system

In the article the model of ultrasonic information communication channel realized on the basis of piezoelectric transceivers is considered. The model is based on the known model of a single transceiver in the form of an equivalent RLC circuit by introducing a resistive coupling between the electrical circuits of two transceivers. Piezoelectric elements are used in the field of their own resonant frequencies, which allows them to match the oscillatory circuits with reactive and resistive elements. The choice of resistive coupling is due to the fact that the energy of the emitted ultrasonic waves can be represented as the energy that is scattered on the resistive element of the oscillatory circuit. On the part of the receiver of ultrasonic waves, it is natural to believe that the received energy also enters the resistive element of its oscillatory circuit. It is possible in principle to introduce a functional dependence of the depth of the resistive coupling on the spatial length of the information channel and the radiation pattern of the piezoelectric transceiver. Simulation modeling was carried out to assess the functionality of the obtained relations. The constructed graphical dependencies allow to illustrate the properties of the proposed model.

Keywords: piezoelectric transceiver, electrical model of piezoelectric transceiver, circuit, resonant frequency of the transceiver, radiation resistance

This article is devoted to the study of the problem of power supply of low-power consumers distributed along the path of electric Railways AC, which can act as a system of sensors diagnostics of automated control systems of various objects located along the contact network. The main part of the article is devoted to the description of the primary model necessary for further consideration of such a method of electric power supply and experimental modeling.

Keywords: contactless power transmission, capacitive communication, power supply, contact network, electric Railways

This article analyzes the problem of precise control of the laser beam. The optical signal may deviate and affect the environment. The analysis of the steering system is based on some important factors for designing the structures of the fast steering mirror and the steering system with laser optics. A 4-quadrant detector is used as a sensor for the input light. The design of the developed control loop and the concept of the mirror model are discussed.

Keywords: Fuzzy logic controller, PID controller, Optical focus control and fast steering mirror

Fiber-optic data transmission lines (FOCL) are one of the main parts of automated data transmission control system, which controls technological processes of railway transportation. The lines are subject to powerful electromagnetic effects from traction power supply system. Improving the reliability of the entire system by reducing the electromagnetic influence and the optimal choice of the VOC location is a complex and urgent task, the solution of which will significantly improve the reliability and efficiency of the entire automated complex.

Keywords: Fiber optic communication line (FOCL), automated system, electromagnetic influence, system of equations

The problem of increasing the efficiency of compiling test plans when testing complex software systems is considered. Automation tools for the development of test plans allow us to describe this document in a rather generalized way, without taking into account many of the attributes required for the success of the further stages of testing the software systems. The use of the developed automated system (AS), described in the article, allows to reduce the complexity of creating test plans due to the presence of a clear sequence of steps in the preparation of the document, providing the specialist with background information and advising effects. In the future, this AS can be used both directly in the development of test plans in the course of real software projects, and in training novice specialists in the skills of filling out these documents.

Keywords: software testing, test plan, automated system

An idea is introduced of the directing structures of the director and reflex types that contribute to the formation of air flows, which in a given way contribute to an increase in mechanical power on the shaft of its rotor. These structures can be used to amplify the moment on the rotor shaft by increasing its useful interference with the stator. Qualitative considerations about the influence of the introduced guide structures are confirmed by the introduction and numerical aerodynamic calculations of two modernized designs of a promising vortex wind power installation, considered in the previous works of the authors. The most optimal variant of rotor modernization was selected, which made it possible to increase the power on its shaft by an average of 45% relative to the corresponding power for the design of a wind turbine with an initial rotor shape in the operating range of wind speeds from 1 to 12 m / s. The materials of this article can be used to design the optimum aerodynamic power criterion for the rotor of wind power plants, their stations, as well as integrated power power plants, including a wind power plant as one of the renewable sources of energy.

Keywords: wind power installation, airflow structuring, director-type guide structure, reflex-type guide structure, vortex structure, rotor aerodynamic torque, aerodynamic optimization by the criterion of maximum power, numerical aerodynamic calculation, sliding gr

The article discusses the methodology for deploying dual-purpose military infrastructure facilities, including a model for optimizing the placement of the service network in garrisons, where it has already developed, and the question is its reconstruction and expansion. The calculations are made on the example of service in military camps. To optimize the placement of the service network, a criterion is adopted to minimize the service time.

Keywords: garrison service, service network, service center, hierarchy, gravity model of gravity, the theory of central places, commodity circulation, a military town

This article presents the results of solving the problem of silting of the Krasnodar reservoir for the rational use of water resources of floodplain territories. The forecast of changes in sediment for the future is determined taking into account an increase in the overgrowth of the reservoir, further processing of the coastline, as well as a decrease in afforestation and an increase in cultivated areas in the river basin. Kuban. Given these factors, the increase in sediment volumes in the reservoir alignment will increase annually by 0.13% and by 2036 will amount to 18.01 million m3 per year. The main measures to improve the transport of sediment into the dead volume bowl are considered, and ways to solve the siltation problem by clearing the flooded riverbeds are proposed to be carried out by the method of stirring, since this method is used in reservoirs with flow, because its essence lies in the fact that silt sediments are agitated with the help of a floating dredger with water jets and the pulp is not sucked into the dredger, and suspended sediments are transported by the flow of water into the bowl of the "dead" volume of the reservoir. The use of this method is recommended for economic reasons, since it is 2.4 times cheaper than cleaning with pulp removal. The actual use of the Krasnodar reservoir is currently consistent with the design purpose. Sediment runoff in the river basin Kuban is determined by water erosion. Water erosion is especially pronounced in the mountainous and foothill parts, which is facilitated by the mountain-valley relief and large slopes of river channels. Precipitation falling on the underlying surface, in particular intense downpours, heavy snowmelt, debris material is washed off the catchment area into the river, forming a sediment runoff. An important role here is played by the composition of the rocks that make up the catchment, its afforestation, agrotechnical and water management measures carried out on the catchment area and in the riverbed.

Keywords: siltation, reservoir, water resources, floodplain territories, rational water use, water resources

The article describes the use of recycled rubber raw materials for the preparation of a suspension. The use of the resulting suspensions as a binder for asphalt concrete and concrete waterproofing.

Keywords: suspension, rubber crumb, oil pitch, fuel oil, bitumen, microwave energy

The article presents an overview of the current situation in the field of energy saving of the Russian Federation. Topical issues of energy efficiency control of buildings and structures as an energy saving tool are considered. The proposed approach allows, while maintaining the General ideology of SP 50.13330.2012 "Thermal protection of buildings", to modify the scale of energy efficiency of buildings and structures, to make it comparable with similar scales adopted in leading European countries. A similar approach to solving this problem is implemented in order to move from the percentage deviation of the level of heat loss (from some basic value) directly to the specific level of these heat losses per unit area. The formula allowing to calculate both normalized and actual value of heat energy consumption for heating and ventilation of buildings is deduced. In the future, the above-mentioned formula is transformed into a formula that takes into account engineering solutions, both with a direct-flow ventilation system and with the use of a recuperative heat exchanger.

Keywords: heat supply, housing and communal services, energy efficiency, energy saving, energy efficiency scale, specific energy consumption, regulatory framework

This article is devoted to the problem of development of damping polymer materials with high damping properties in a wide temperature range. The purpose of this article is to study the loss factor and strength of polymer materials based on ethylene-vinyl acetate when additional polymers in the form of rubbers are added to them. The leading method to investigate this problem is the method of dynamic mechanical analysis, which allows to obtain information about changes in the dynamic properties of polymeric materials subjected to oscillating loads depending on frequency and temperature. According to established experimental dependences, it was possible to define the type of additional polymer expanding the temperature range of effective damping and increasing tensile strength of composites based on ethylene-vinyl acetate. The percentage content by volume of the additional polymer was established at which its efficiency on the dynamic and mechanical properties of composites on ethylene-vinyl acetate basis will be greatest.

Keywords: ethylene-vinyl acetate, polymer, chlorobutyl rubber, nitrile butadiene rubber, strength, damping, glass temperature, dynamic mechanical analysis

The modern world is impossible to imagine without means of technical movement, broad mechanization and automation of production processes. Mechanisms exude harmful noises and vibrations that adversely affect the human body. Many materials have been created that absorb harmful noises and vibrations. Vibrating materials are widely used in everyday life. They are applied to the parts of cars, hulltrains of trains and aircraft from the inside. Anti-corrosion coating helps to protect the bottom of the car and train. It can serve as another level of protection against noise and vibration. At the heart of the vibrating material, as in the anti-corrosion coating, is a viscous layer, which, in turn, is modified by the introduction of fillers and plasticizers. The difference between vibrating material and anti-corrosion material is that for a greater increase in its vibrating properties, the material is sometimes reinforced. The article presents the results of studies of the mastmaterial material with such fillings as mica ground flogopit SMF-123, calcium formiat, melflux 1641F, melflux 4930F, melflux 6681F. A steel plate with a mast material applied to it has been selected as the object of the study. The matrix material was based on polyninilacetate, which injected epoxy resin and dibutylphthalate. The loss factor of the material was determined by a resonant method, the essence of which is to excite the sample of cross-range oscillations. Developed vibrating mastics, selected effective fillers and plasticizer for it. The dependence of vibrating properties on the amount of epoxy resin injected, plasticizer and the influence of thickness of layers is represented.

Keywords: polyvinyl acetate, epoxy resin, vibration-absorbing mastic material, damping, loss coefficient

The paving slab market analysis and development prospects for the Rostov Region are given in this article. The market prospects are considered from the point of view of paving slab manufacturers on their participation in government programs of a modern urban environment formation and improvement. The main changes in the product specifications requirements are considered taking into account the enactment of GOST 17608-2017 instead of GOST 17608-91. We analysed the pricing policy of large manufacturers of paving slabs operating in the Rostov Region. Then we also considered the prospects of paving slab sales for municipal projects and in the private segment. We also reviewed the government programs for creation of a comfortable urban environment and their financing in the Rostov Region, as well as cooperation prospects between the municipal government and business in terms of concession agreements. Finally, we defined the main consumer categories for the paving slabs and the consumption structure of the paving slabs market.

Keywords: paving flag, paving slabs, improvement, modern urban environment, the formation of a modern urban environment, paving

The rapid development of the economy of the leading countries of the world entailed the development of high-rise construction in modern cities. In this regard, the issue of energy consumption of modern high-rise buildings has recently become increasingly important. An increase in the number of high-rise buildings and the development of urban infrastructure increases energy consumption. Modern high-rise construction, increasing the density of urban space, significantly changes local climatic conditions. The formation of local climatic factors during the construction of high-rise buildings and their impact on the energy efficiency of buildings is an urgent and little-studied problem. The article analyzes the impact of modern urban development on the climatic and aerodynamic conditions of the area. The assessment of climatic factors affecting the heat loss of a high-rise building is carried out. On the example of a high-rise building in the city of Moscow, Evolution, calculations are made and graphs of changes in temperature and wind speed along the building height are presented. The research results will allow us to assess the impact of climatic factors on the energy consumption of high-rise buildings, and can be taken into account when designing modern energy-efficient buildings.

Keywords: Energy efficiency, urban development, microclimate, aeration. climate, dense buildings, heat island, solar radiation, convective flows

The strength, deformability and width of the opening of normal cracks of prototypes 220, section 12.5x25 (h) cm, reinforced with composite canvases and laminates of different cross-sectional areas, made on the basis of glass and carbon plastics, are compared. The samples had working reinforcement, represented by 2Ø14А600, transverse - with double-section clamps Ø5В500, installed with a pitch of 100 mm. Samples were loaded with two concentrated forces applied in thirds of the span. With composite reinforcement, the appearance of the external composite reinforcement was varied, as well as the presence or absence of U-shaped anchoring clamps glued to the supporting sections of the beams. It has been established that the greatest reinforcing effect is provided by composite materials based on carbon fibers, in which the modulus of elasticity is comparable to the modulus of elasticity of steel.

Keywords: concrete, reinforced concrete, bending element, composite, fiberglass, carbon fiber, strength, deformability

The article identifies groups of factors influencing the process of construction of buildings. The influence of the specifics of the construction of buildings is taken into account. It is established that it is necessary and sufficient to assess the specifics of the construction of buildings is to take into account the factors that have the most significant impact, namely: the influence of the tightness of the construction site; factors that complicate the transport of structures; factors that complicate the integration Assembly of structures; factors that complicate the installation of structures; factors of production technology; factors that describe the design and planning solution of buildings.

Keywords: organizational and technological scheme, parameters of the construction of the building, tightness of the construction site, factors of influence, design and planning solution of buildings

This article is focused on improving the principles and methods of assessing and planning the costs of construction projects as an integral part of organizational and technological preparation of construction. Organizational and technological preparation of construction, consists of interconnected solutions to the problems presented in the blocks and subsystems in the diagrams in the drawings. The objectives of solving such problems are described. The schemes from which we can draw a conclusion about the basic functionality and means of organizational and technological preparation of construction are presented, the most important of them are listed

Keywords: organizational and technological preparation, building parameters, duration of construction, construction factors, management scheme

Of the existing methods of treating industrial wastewater (mechanical, chemical, physico-chemical and biological), it is the biological method that is of interest today, due to the fact that it is based on the ability of microorganisms and higher aquatic plants to use a variety of pollutants as a power source in the process of life, which ultimately leads to the purification of contaminated water. In the practice of wastewater treatment by the biological method, a floating plant — eichornia (water hyacinth) —was best established on the surface of the roots of which selective microbiocenoses are formed, which contribute to active biodegradation and absorption of both organic and mineral substances. The paper shows the possibility of echornia absorption of pollutants in an indoor environment and proved the possibility of purifying contaminated water with aqueous hyacinth in an indoor environment.

Keywords: water hyacinth, eichornia, pollutants, wastewater, higher aquatic plants

The article presents the results of experimental studies of the parameters of micro-sized metal particles and sprayed films obtained by the method of electric explosion of metallic conductors (EVP) and electro-explosive spraying (EVN), respectively. Copper (Cu) and aluminum (Al) metal wires were used as explosive conductors. Geometrical parameters and physicochemical analysis of the obtained microparticles and thin films were carried out by means of the universal two-beam electronic system Versa 3D. From the analysis of the obtained samples of sprayed thin films and fine particles, it follows that with a discharge current density J≈10 ^ 10 A / m ^ 2 millisecond, the film thickness and particle sizes can reach values ​​less than micron scale.

Keywords: electrical explosion of conductors, thin metal films, fine particles

This article addresses the issue of structural analysis using the light steel thin-walled designs based on Eurocode. The main reason for the insufficient use of structures fromLSTC in Russia is described. Some flexibility, coefficients and their values ​​are given. Indicate the necessary types of checks for each design. The article contains information on the methods of joining elements from bent profiles of LSTC. It is also said about the types of design loads on the steel frame construction from profiles.

Keywords: light steel thin-walled designs , calculation, Eurocode, design, truss, arch, belt, section, characteristic, moment, coefficient

This article will analyze the technical and economic indicators and present the results of studies confirming the demand for this material in modern construction. Reinforced wooden structures are the most competitive due to their unique properties: environmental friendliness, economy, easy installation and transportation, reduced weight of structures and their volume. The facts presented in this article can and should be considered as design guidelines.

Keywords: reinforcement, structures, wood, construction, design, reinforcement, environmental friendliness, installation, testing, load, deformability

In publication overflows and leaks of oil products are considered on petrol filling stations. The materials used to collect overflows and leaks of oil products on petrol filling stations are indicated. Disadvantages of sand and properties of silica clay are considered. The petroleum was used for carrying experiments to collecting of oil products by sand and silica clay. The experiments were carried out and the data on changes in the mass of petroleum remaining on the samples (particles of silica clay, particles of sand) from initial mass of the samples (before contact with petroleum) were received. The assumption was made about the possibility of using silica clay instead of sand to collect overflows and leaks of oil products in urban environment.

Keywords: overflows, leaks, oil products, petrol filling station, sand, silica clay, urban environment

The article reveals the essence and significance of the socio-cultural phenomenon-architectural competition. Features of its application in modern industrial architecture of Europe. Significant advantages of this type of project activity in the context of the specifics of the architecture of industrial enterprises are revealed.

Keywords: Architectural competition, creative competition, industrial architecture, modern architecture, environmental friendliness, energy efficiency, landscape environment, architecture of Europe