The work is based on the results of a survey conducted among students of Grozny and Rostov-on-Don at the end of 20219. The cognitive component was measured by a test method, using 11 primary features. According to them, an integral indicator of the cognitive perception of friendship for each respondent was calculated using a modified method of analyzing hierarchies. The affective component of student attitudes towards friendship was determined by the semantic differential technology Ch. Osgood, using a special semantic scale with 20 bimodal features. Based on the results obtained, the individual level of emotional perception of friendship was calculated within the framework of the previously developed phenomenological semantic model. Statistical analysis of the obtained indicators of cognitive and affective perception showed that both in general for the study groups and for the general population, the correlation coefficients are small. For Rostov, about 0.17, for Grozny-0.273, and for the total population of respondents for these two cities-0.243.The scattering of experimental data is close to isotropic. All this indicates the statistical independence of these two components of attitudes in general for the studied samples. This confirms both the generally accepted opinion and the previously obtained results (for several thousand respondents) when studying other social attitudes. However, for certain subgroups of the studied audience, the statistical relationship between these two parameters is more significant. Thus, approximately 1/3 of the respondents, both in Rostov and Grozny, indicated a higher level of emotional perception, compared to cognitive. For these subgroups, the correlation coefficient for Rostov is 0.8, for Grozny-0.87, and for the two cities in total – 0.79. For the remaining 2/3 of the respondents (they are characterized by a higher level of cognitive perception compared to emotional perception), the correlation coefficients are slightly lower, but still exceed the results obtained without dividing into subgroups. For students of Rostov-on-Don-0.5, Grozny-0.44, and for the two cities in total-0.46. The revealed statistical relationship between the studied components of attitudes is associated with the influence on the formation of these components of the psychological type of respondents. And the subgroups we have identified differ precisely in their psychological type. But this hypothesis requires further testing.

Keywords: friendship, attitudes, cognitive component, test method, affective component, semantic differential technology, statistical analysis, correlation, subgroups, statistical relationship

The article describes the main stages of development of the construction of green roofs in Russia and abroad, the basic scheme and the technology of green roofs.

Keywords: Green construction, green roofing, environmental certification, noise pollution, drainag

Engineering calculation and estimation of the stress-strain state of the bearing elements of the superstructure is carried out. The analysis and collection of information on traffic in 2019. The history of the loading bridge real load on the basis of mathematical model (presented in the form of a geometric progression) – showing an annual increase of intensity of traffic on bridge construction. The total fatigue damage of the bearing elements of the superstructure according to the Palmgren - miner hypothesis and the period of exhaustion of the operational resource of the bridge structure are determined.

Keywords: load capacity, loading, history of loading, residual resource, the miner's summation of fatigue durability

The article presents the results of the analysis of the modern market for the production of precast concrete products and existing technologies for their production, as well as a description of the possible method of modernization of the technological line and the production process. The main goal of the modernization is to eliminate vibrating stations and the use of self-compacting concrete mixes from the production line, which significantly increases the plant's productivity, increases the service life of molds, reduces the production time of the product and reduces financial costs.

Keywords: high-functional concrete, self-compacting concrete, production modernization, road slab, production of reinforced concrete products, conveyor production technology

In modern buildings constructed of mineral raw materials, the role of various components of natural sources of ionizing radiation, which form the radiation exposure levels of people, has changed significantly. The article considers the cost estimation of replacing construction materials with an enhanced effective specific activity (Aeff) with alternative materials with a lower Aeff. It has been revealed that the monetary equivalent taking into account the radiation safety depends mainly on the difference between the specific activity values of natural radionuclides (NRN) in construction materials and on the number of inhabitants. With a reduction in the difference between the Aeff values, the cost of the replacement (Ruble/t) of the materials decreases and the monetary equivalent grows.

Keywords: ionizing radiation, effective specific activity, monetary equivalent, collective effective equivalent doses

This article discusses the theoretical order and practical solution of the problem of calculating the transverse vibrations of a thermosetting polymer self-supporting shell pipe " Furanflex».Сalculation scheme with a finite number of degrees of freedom.The pipe is evenly fixed in height.The procedure for creating a universal calculation algorithm for determining the natural frequencies of pipe vibrations is considered in detail.When creating an algorithm and calculating natural frequencies, determining coefficients, plotting plots, the Mathcad software package is used.When creating an algorithm and calculating natural frequencies, determining coefficients, plotting plots, the Mathcad software package is used. The article may be of interest to design engineers, specialists in calculating the dynamics and strength of structures and specialists of heat-generating companies and thermal power plants, teachers and students of universities in the construction industry.

Keywords: eigenvalues, polymer tube "furanflex", eigenvalues of the matrix

The technological process of coloured calcium silicate brick differs from the usual manufacturing of white calcium silicate brick by additional emissions of harmful substances in the form of dust of colour pigments. The given article considers the properties of dust particles emitted into the working zone air in the manufacturing shops of coloured bricks, the harmful properties of the dust that negatively affect human health, as well as the potentially hazardous properties of these substances that may lead to tragic consequences caused by explosions or fires.

Keywords: coloured calcium silicate brick, fine dust, explosion, source of ignition, colour pigments

The purpose of our work was to search for possible options for the secondary use of destroyed brick buildings and structures. We conducted tests to verify the strength characteristics of bricks taken from the sites of reconstruction and complete demolition of buildings and structures. In the course of which, conclusions were drawn about the possibilities of further use of brick scrap from different places of demolition of building structures.

Keywords: demolition, scrap, building, structure, brick, recycling, testing, strength, recycling, iron concrete

The concept of competitiveness in the construction sector is considered. The assessment of the competitiveness of the enterprise for the production of construction products was carried out. The ways of increasing competitiveness using the results of SWOT analysis are considered.

Keywords: competitiveness, competitor, construction market, quality, enterprise, SWOT analysis, integral indicator of competitiveness

Arched constructions of the roofs of span-type buildings are very cost-effective in comparison with beam and frame systems. In many cases, the high architectural qualities of arch structures allow one to obtain expressive interiors of large halls. At the same time, the construction of long span buildings is always associated with high risks, high security requirements for such buildings, and, consequently, increased requirements for reliability to load-bearing structures, including possible local destructions. Actual becomes the issue of ensuring the survivability of building structures in general, and the construction of roofs for long span buildings in particular. To analyze the survivability properties of shallow arched coverings, a number of constructive solutions of arched constructions of various types are considered. The work of arch structures of various types with possible local caving of a number of elements is considered. Five design schemes of arched constructions are presented, and work of each of them is considered at exclusion of the most loaded elements. In particular, the work of the arch structure with fan-shaped tie system with a split upper belt is considered. A comparative analysis of the survivability properties of the constructive solutions under consideration is presented.

Keywords: arched covers, arch structure with fan-shaped tie system, survivability, local destruction, constructive solutions, long span roofs, progressive collapse

This article discusses the issue of planning the sequence of construction of buildings in the quarter development. The authors analyzed and classified the factors that can influence the choice of the sequence of construction of objects in complex development. An algorithm for planning the construction sequence is proposed, which the considered factors are included in the model, taking into account the ranking of their significance.

Keywords: stream method, quarter development, line arrangement, quarterly arrangement, sequence of construction, situational factor, unforeseen factor, social factor, production factor

For the statically indeterminate systems under consideration, there is an optimal ratio between the load-bearing capacity of stretched and out-of-center compressed elements, in which the required reliability will be provided at the lowest value of the mathematical expectation of an external destructive load. It should also be noted that for statically indeterminate systems, the beginning of rebar fluidity is not a sign of destruction, but only indicates the beginning of an intensive redistribution of forces in it. Therefore, the values of C, do not refer to the beginning of the rebar flow, but to the complete exhaustion of the load-bearing capacity. The reliability of statically undetectable systems, including prestressed trusses, is always higher, all other things being equal, than that of statically definable systems.

Keywords: reinforced concrete, reinforced concrete structures, statically indeterminate systems, reliability

The paper studies the applicability ofthe coercive force (Нс) as a parameter for measuringthe wall thickness ofpipelines,vessels,andother metallic structuresthroughnonmagnetic insulationduring material degradation undercorrosion conditions. A procedure is developedfor remote inspectionof metallic structures atsites of maximum corrosion rateby the coercimetricmethod,withoutbreaking the insulationandstopping the operation ofthe object being tested.The effects of metal thickness, the size ofthe poles of the magnetizer, andthe thickness of non-ferromagneticinsulationon the absoluteand relativevalues of the coercive force are comparatively analyzed. The application of theproposed relative value methodis shown to be able to decrease significantlythe effectof steel composition and structureonthe metal thickness dependence of Нс. The results of measuring the coercive force of differently thick 09G2S steel specimens through non magnetic insulation are presented, as well as the behavior of the relative values of the coercive forceas dependent onmetal and insulation thickness.Foridentical metal thicknesses, the absolute values of the coercive force of different steels may differby a factor of 10 ormore, whereasthe difference in the relative values of Нс with equally decreasing metal thickness does not exceed 15%. The developedtechnique isinsensitivetothe misalignment of the outer and innermetal surfaces,and itenablesthe thickness oflow-alloysteels like 09G2Sto be measured witha relative error of 10%.

Keywords: metallic structure, diagnostics, degradation, corrosion, coercive force, thickness measurement, nonmagnetic insulation

This article describes the main methods for strengthening the retaining walls for foundation pits during the construction of buildings, and it compares the technical and economic indicators of the anchors and spacers method by determining these indicators for each method.

Keywords: excavation, ground anchors, spacer mounts, foundation pit cofferdam, "wall in the ground"

On the basis of experimental data, it was found that when calculating flexible reinforced concrete racks reinforced with composite materials in the transverse direction, the strength of the elements is underestimated by the norms. The influence of the composite reinforcement is not taken into account when calculating the stiffness D, the conditional critical force Ncrc and the slenderness coefficient η. Experimental data from the experiments carried out showed that the deflections of the reinforced struts were less than similar, not reinforced specimens, therefore, the influence takes place. Based on the analysis of the results of experiments, in the methodology of norms when calculating D, proposals were made that take into account the step of the transverse amplification at different eccentricities of the load application.

Keywords: Determination of the conditional critical force of flexible strengthened concrete struts reinforced with composite materials

The article discusses the prospects for the development of the combined technology of expanded fiber gypsum material. Based on the literature data, the optimal boundaries of the components were determined. To obtain the optimal composition, complete two-factor experiments were performed with changes in each factor at three levels. The results of the tests were obtained, on the basis of which regression equations were constructed, allowing to predict the characteristics of the resulting material, for the selection of the optimal composition.

Keywords: expanded gypsum, fibrogyps, fiber, strength, density

The article deals with modern problems in the field of coordination of working documentation, due to the lack of regulatory documentation that regulates the clear time allotted for the preparation and approval of the developed documentation. The main goal is to obtain averaged time indicators based on the data of standard projects of objects, as well as to determine the degree of mutual influence of factors on the considered terms, in order to apply them in the preparation of a consolidated calendar plan of the organization provided to the technical customer for the conclusion of the contract, as well as to predict and reduce time indicators for the removal of comments and repeated requests.

Keywords: matching, matching organizations, average labor intensity, repeated requests, correlation and regression analysis

The problem of drilling in permafrost conditions still remains relevant. Despite significant progress using thermal insulating casing directions, the issue of choosing a drilling fluid remains controversial, since an incorrectly selected drilling fluid can lead to huge consequences. This article provides a brief description of permafrost, discusses the problems of drilling in permafrost conditions, and methods for their solution using gas-liquid systems, and air.

Keywords: drilling, permafrost, gas-liquid systems, air drilling

The purpose of the study is to identify the average time parameters of the passage of procedures at the stage of pre-design and design preparation of the facility for construction. Determining the actual time spent on going through the procedures required to obtain a building permit is relevant at the present stage, since their passage is accompanied by huge time and financial costs for investors, developers, technical customers. The research is based on the method of expert assessments. The processing of the obtained data sets was carried out according to the following algorithm: correlation analysis, construction and solution of the linear regression equation, assessment of the quality of the regression equation using Fisher's F-criterion, conclusion. The processing of arrays of data from the questionnaire survey of experts made it possible to determine the average time intervals for the passage of procedures by a technical customer (developer) at the stages under study. The results for all considered procedures were summarized in a summary table. The obtained averaged time intervals will allow developers, investors, technical customers to determine the duration of implementation and rationally allocate labor and financial resources at the stages of pre-design and design preparation of facilities for construction.

Keywords: technical customer, developer, pre-design and design preparation, time intervals

The emission of pollutants from wastewater disposal facilities has become a topic of increased interest, given its significant impact on the overall climate footprint of wastewater treatment plants. This paper presents comparative data in the field of air quality monitoring on the territory of domestic and industrial wastewater treatment plants abroad and in Russia. The issue of the influence of odors on human health is considered. Practical examples of the control of bad-smelling emissions are offered. A brief review of scientific papers on topics related to gaseous emissions from wastewater disposal systems is presented. Experimental studies of the quantities of specific components of the gas-air mixture above the surface of the waste liquid of the aeration tanks of the sewage treatment plants (CBS) of the city of Novoshakhtinsk, Rostov region are presented. Based on the analysis of the obtained results, technologies for reducing the amount of emissions from CBS facilities are considered.

Keywords: monitoring of air pollution, emissions, foul-smelling emissions, sulfur dioxide, aeration tank

The article discusses the impact of emissions into the atmosphere, formed as a result of combustion of associated petroleum gas, on the chemical composition of settled dust near the gas torch. The paper presents full-scale studies of the emissions of a torch operating near a settlement, the chemical composition of particles in the obtained samples of settled dust is studied. In the course of the work, the results obtained were compared with research data obtained for areas where there is no flare combustion. As a result of this comparison, it was concluded that flare emissions have a significant impact on the chemical composition of settled dust in the vicinity of existing flare systems.

Keywords: soot, flare emissions, air pollution, black carbon, settled dust