Analyses for the current publishes show that the problem of forecast water overflowing is actual and often causing a lot health threaten and other dangerouses. This article offers computing, analysis and development the regression model of the level of Ia river. The final model correspont the real data with proper level. The final calculation means that this model could be used for real forecast for defend the people from water's overflow.

Keywords: model, simulation, river, water level, flood, emergency, forecast, statistics, monitoring, analysis, iya river, Irkutsk region

A combinatorial problem - the problem of finding the set of all formal concepts of formal concepts is considered. The computational complexity of the problem is that the number of formal concepts depends exponentially on the size of the initial formal context. in the article to solve this problem, an algorithm for fragmentation and defragmentation of the formal context is given, based on the method of decomposing the formal context into fragments. The essence of the method is that the original formal context is divided into various fragments. The fragments have different sizes and a non-empty intersection. Each fragment is subsequently considered as a formal context and can again be subject to decomposition. As a result, a finite set of fragments is formed. Then formal concepts are found in each fragment and combined to form the desired set of all formal concepts of the formal context. The method is “non-distorting”: when dividing the context into fragments, new formal concepts are not formed and the sought-for concepts are not lost. The results of computational experiments are presented, showing the effectiveness of the developed algorithm.

Keywords: formal concepts analisys, fragmentation algorithm, formal context, object-attribute table, combinatorial problem, the problem of finding the set of all formal concepts

In this study, an analysis of the time series was conducted using a class of shift functions for arithmetic and geometric progressions, along with their synchronization using logarithmic decrement. The closing prices of IBM company stocks were taken as the examined data for each trading day. The shift functions of geometric and arithmetic progressions revealed almost-proportions and almost-periods in the examined data. These detected patterns emphasize the importance of applying shift functions in the analysis of time series, allowing the extraction of internal patterns and periodic fluctuations that might go unnoticed with standard analysis methods. Computing the minima and corresponding values of the geometric progression enabled the identification of almost-periods in the data. These results not only confirmed visual observations but also enhanced our understanding of the internal patterns of the time series. The findings underscore the effectiveness of applying methods for analyzing time series based on almost-proportions and metric techniques. These approaches play a crucial role in uncovering hidden patterns and subtle periodicities in data, providing a fundamental foundation for more accurate analysis and successful forecasting.

Keywords: nearly-proportionalities, synchronization of geometric progression, empirical data, geometric progression, shift functions

This article is a study of the physical and mechanical characteristics and wave parameters of porous fibrous materials (PFM) used in providing sound insulation and vibration protection of buildings and structures. In the work, the classification of porous-fibrous materials according to the initial raw material and various degrees of rigidity is carried out, the main physical and mechanical characteristics and wave parameters of porous fibrous materials, and theoretical methods for their determination are presented. The results of laboratory measurements of the physical-mechanical and wave characteristics of PFM samples (glass and stone bases of various density and thickness) are presented. An extensive experimental study has been carried out in order to evaluate the main relationships between the sample material, its density, feedstock, structure, size, and its acoustic, physical-mechanical and wave characteristics. The results of the study are of great practical importance for the development of acoustically effective building materials and their optimal use in construction and engineering systems.

Keywords: acoustic measurements, acoustic design, building materials, characteristics of porous-fibrous materials, sound insulation, vibration protection of buildings and structures

As a result of artificial carbonization of slag, construction materials can be obtained. For this purpose, a technology has been developed for producing durable construction products as a result of accelerated carbonization of slag minerals with carbon dioxide (CO2) at elevated pressure (up to 2 MPa) and temperatures (20-60°C). The carbonates formed during the carbonization reaction act as a binder, sticking the slag particles together. Carbonized compacts after autoclave processing have technical properties equivalent to conventional concrete products made on the basis of Portland cement. The technology was developed in laboratory and production conditions by optimizing the parameters of the technological process (pressing force, temperature in the autoclave chamber, carbon dioxide pressure in the autoclave chamber and carbonization time) taking into account the increase in compressive strength and frost resistance of the samples.

Keywords: small-sized products, binder, preliminary preparation, steel slag, pressing, accelerated carbonization, minerals, carbon dioxide, strength, frost resistance

The article presents an analysis of modern environmental technologies used in the construction of student campuses. It explores innovative methods and approaches that enable higher education institutions to create sustainable and environmentally friendly campuses. The application of technologies such as energy-efficient buildings, the use of renewable energy sources, waste management systems, green spaces and much more are also considered. The article evaluates the benefits of these technologies, including reduced environmental impacts, economic benefits, and improved quality of life for students. Emphasizes the importance of integrating environmental considerations into campus construction and management to create sustainable and healthy environments for the student community.

Keywords: design, student campus, student dormitory, energy efficiency, landscaping, construction, self-sufficiency, materials, architectural solutions

This article is devoted to one of the most pressing problems of municipal solid waste (MSW) management in the city of Lugansk today. After all, the lack of a rational waste management system entails environmental pollution, which affects the entire biosphere of the planet. The article analyzes the main sources of waste, the total mass of accumulated hazardous and toxic waste, and ways of handling them. Particular attention is paid to the impact of mine dumps on the ecological state of the environment. The cities in which the largest areas are allocated for coal mining waste are given. The authors also examined in detail the issue of collecting solid municipal waste in the residential sector and its disposal. In conclusion, a conclusion is drawn about the main problems associated with organizing the collection and disposal of municipal solid waste.

Keywords: municipal solid waste, environment, industrial waste, recycling, recycling, disposal

This article discusses the comparative calculation of solid-stage and three-layer tubular structures with an assessment of the reliability of their application. To do this, their stress-strain state is investigated when exposed to a pulsed load on the wall. Pipeline structures currently occupy important positions in the infrastructures of many countries. Every year new safety requirements are added to the reliability indicators of these structures. Such important strategic facilities fulfill the task of providing people with energy, without which it is difficult to imagine modern life. For a solid-stage pipe, displacements in the nodes of the pipe wall, as well as longitudinal stresses (Nx) and annular stresses (Ny) in the elements of the pipe wall are determined. In a three-layer pipe, the displacements are determined at the nodes of the pipe wall.

Keywords: three-layer tubular structure, solid-walled pipe, load-bearing layer, pulse load, filler, displacement, voltage

Green roofs are of increasing interest as one of the solutions to counteract a number of environmental and socio-economic problems associated with the growth of urban areas. It is necessary to transform the built-up environment by including it in civil engineering, using the existing roof areas of buildings. Eexploitable green roofs need to be integrated into an urbanized urban landscape.

Keywords: sustainable urban development, transformation of urban spaces, green roofs, criteria for the intensity of use of green roofs

The article deals with the improvement of structural solutions of steel reinforced concrete slabs with external reinforcement. The possibility of creating an orthotropic steel reinforced concrete slab on a profiled deck with a continuous or discrete puff located perpendicular to the direction of corrugations is determined. This kind of construction works in bending in two directions along the wave and across the wave. This will allow slabs to be supported on three and four sides, which will make it possible to redistribute the pressure on the supports and reduce the stress concentration at the joints between the slab and the support structure. A continuous puff is assumed to have the same cross-section along its entire length, while a discrete puff can have a variable thickness. Two variants of the calculation of this structure are found, as a monolithic rod with a sprengel chain and as a composite rod with an explicit contact zone. When the stiffness of the contact zone is close to absolute, the rod can be considered as a monolithic rod. An experimental study of the characteristics of the contact zone of the profiled deck organised by means of stamping on the inner side of the corrugation is required, taking into account the perpendicular location of the corrugations to the span of the beam and the concrete part of the section. A comparative analysis of the existing techniques has been made and further experimental investigation methodology has been determined. A numerical evaluation of stresses in a steel plate has been carried out.

Keywords: steel reinforced concrete slabs, orthotropic slabs, calculation methods, contact zone, stamping

The article proposes a new approach to the method of calculating a rigid foundation on a nonlinear and rheology deformable half-space, taking into account the external load variable in time. It is proposed to take into consideration the nonlinearity and rheology of deformation on the basis of modern phenomenological theory using the integral method of successive iterations, which makes it possible to take into account the time-variable mode of external loading, which is characteristic of the stage of construction and operation of structures. An algorithm for the numerical solution of the problem under the conditions of the regime action of external loads using the method of integral estimates based on the step method and successive approximations is presented.

Keywords: rigid foundation, foundation deformation, regime loads, deformation rheology, integral method, phenomenological theory

The article discusses a method for taking into account the compression of concrete using standard formulas when calculating using an inverse numerical-analytical method, taking into account the actual rigidity of concrete filled steel tube elements. The inverse numerical-analytical method makes it possible to calculate concrete filled steel tube elements for strength and stability under eccentric compression. Dependencies are presented showing the possibility of taking compression into account at various eccentricities and flexibility.

Keywords: concrete filled steel tube elements, CFST, inverse numerical analytical method, nonlinear deformation model, concrete compression,concrete filled steel tube column, eccentric compression

In the research the characteristic features of the historical appearance of the Vyritsa village on the base of its architectural and urban structure, features of the location of cultural heritage sites and precious landscape objects, on the base of which the stratеgy defining these main priorities, criteria and directions of protection of historical appearance are worked out . The concept of complex preserving of architectural and landscape environment of Vyritsa with creating of possibilities of effective using of these territories with the most display of its historical and cultural, memorial and museum potential.

Keywords: culture landscape, architectural and landscape revitalization, identity of settlement, sustainable development of the territory

Utilisation a waste of stone processing in production of other kinds products is an actual task for stone-cutting enterprises. In this study, the possibilities of using basalt dust generated during sawing, grinding and polishing of basalt and related minerals in the manufacture with concrete are studied. Three groups were prepared with different content of basalt dust - 0 %, 5 % and 20 %. After the final hardening performance of the concrete, the compressive strength testing was conducted on the specimens. The results showed that the addition (5%) added basalt dust practically did not reduce the strength ratio practically, the increase of basalt dust content up to 20% caused an average 16% reduction in the strength of the specimens. The fracture character that occurred in the specimens containing basalt dust corresponded to the fracture character that happened to similarly shaped concrete products.

Keywords: concrete, stone waste, strength, basalt

Welding is the main method of joining plate steel. Its use leads to significant residual welding stresses. Residual stress can significantly affect the load-bearing capacity of long-span steel bridges. In this work, a finite element calculation of residual welding stresses of steel sheets up to 100 mm thick was carried out, and the distribution of surface residual stresses and the influence of sheet thickness on the residual surface stress were identified.

Keywords: steel bridge, plate steel, welding residual stresses, finite element method, welded joint, stress distribution

The results of numerical modeling of wooden beams strengthened of composite materials based on carbon fiber are considered. Modeling of beams strengthened of composite material was carried out in the ANSYS software using deformation diagrams. The reliability of the modeling methodology was assessed by comparing the results of a numerical study with the results of a physical experiment obtained during testing of models of wooden beams strengthened of composite materials based on carbon fiber.

Keywords: carbon fiber, carbon composite materials, strengthening of wooden structures, external reinforcement of wooden beams

The article raises the problems of preserving historical architectural and natural complexes on the example of the Peter and Paul Park in Yaroslavl. In the Introduction to the article, attention is drawn to the importance of the problem of preserving historical monuments of architecture or art not only in the capital cities, but also on the periphery. The following are the main methods used in the work to assess the state of the architectural and park ensemble, to identify its characteristic architectural and landscape features and to develop a theoretical conservation model. In the main part of the article, the historical stages of the formation of the architectural and park ensemble of the Peter and Paul Park, their influence on the final appearance of the ensemble are considered; a comparative analysis with similar architectural and park ensembles is given, common characteristic features are identified and the principles of the formation of the Peter and Paul Park are established. As a result of the conducted research, a model of preservation of the Petropavlovsk architectural and park ensemble of Yaroslavl is proposed, presented in the form of a master plan of the park territory, which contains proposals for the reorganization of the territory, pedestrian park network and restoration of historically significant structures. In the final part of the article, the main conclusions based on the results of the study are formulated.

Keywords: architectural and park ensemble, Peter and Paul Park, Yaroslavl Big Manufactory, regular layout, theoretical model of conservation

Strengthening coastal industrial buildings during reconstruction is crucial in the field of sustainable development. This article discusses the key architectural methods of building improvement during renovation, including strengthening the foundation, improving the facade, installing shock-resistant windows and doors, structural modernization and the use of eco-friendly design. Renovation of coastal industrial buildings solves existing problems, mitigates coastal climatic hazards, and also increases the safety and sustainability of cities.

Keywords: renovation of an industrial building, sustainable architecture, reconstruction, coastal area, facade modernization, energy saving, energy efficiency, foundation modernization, improvement of the building structure, environmental friendliness, green roof,

Factors affecting the limited mineral resources of the planet and requiring the expansion of the raw material base of the construction industry are considered. The negative impact of overburden dumps on the ecological state of the habitat was noted. The importance of their processing into a useful product was emphasized in connection with the need to implement the industry program of the Russian Federation ""Involvement of overburden and containing rocks classified as production waste in economic circulation for 2022-2030."" The properties of sand and opoka as raw materials for making foam concrete were analyzed. The result of the analysis made it possible to formulate a list of restrictions, as a result of which it is undesirable to use opoku in concrete of a cast-in-place structure and a list of reasons, based on which it is possible to predict the feasibility of its use in foam concrete. The results of experimental studies are presented, reflecting the influence of the individual properties of sand and opoka on the density of foam concrete mixtures, the density of solidified foam concrete and the kinetics of their plastic strength during three hours of hardening from which it follows that replacing sand with opoka allows significantly improving the technological properties of foam concrete mixtures without compromising the achievement of their design density. It follows from the analysis of experimental data that the structural features of the foam concrete mixtures have a positive effect on the technological properties of foam concrete mixtures, which accelerate the gain of plastic strength of foam concrete mixtures after their placement into molds. The most important reason for the achieved result should be considered mesopores located in the volume of dispersed particles of aggregate from opoka. The established scientific facts make it possible to predict the expanded use of overburden rock - opoki in order to save resources in the construction industry and construction.

Keywords: resource saving, sand, opoka, foam concrete mixture, plastic strength

The article presents the results of a study of the rheological properties of cement compositions with a polycarboxylate-based plasticizer and stone flour from carbonate rocks of the Saratov region.

Keywords: cement, rheological matrix, powder-activated concrete, superplasticizer, hyperplasticizer, finely dispersed additive, stone crushing waste, stone flour, water-cement ratio, water-reducing effect

Experimental studies have been carried out to determine the sludge index of activated sludge used in the process of biological wastewater treatment on aerotanks at various doses of sludge. The possibility of changing the sedimentation properties of activated sludge when using its electrical treatment is analyzed. It is shown that the electrotreatment of returnable activated sludge together with aeration leads to a decrease in the value of the sludge index, as well as an improvement in the quality of the treated water after settling. pretreatment of activated sludge in an electrolyzer with aeration allows biological wastewater treatment in an aerotank with increased doses, as well as to increase the flocculating properties of sludge in relation to suspended solids.

Keywords: household waste water, biological treatment, activated sludge, aerotank, sedimentation, sludge index, electrical treatment, aeration

The Russian Federation is a multi-religious state, which has recently seen an increase in the construction of various religious buildings. At the same time, the bulk of the churches being built are small buildings, located, as a rule, in villages and small towns and designed for simultaneous visits by up to 120-150 parishioners. Various materials are used for their construction, including wood. Usually these are log or block buildings, but it is also possible to use other wooden housing construction systems, including light frame ones. The theoretically possible remoteness of towns and villages from large district and regional centers, the impossibility of delivering large-sized beams and logs, the lack of their own production base and other factors lead to the need to use ordinary boards in wooden frame structures. As an example, we consider the construction of the Church of the Transfiguration of the Lord in one of the farms in the Rostov region, the load-bearing structures of which are made using light-frame house-building technology. The presence of open space in the central part of the Temple and the placement of an octagon-shaped superstructure above it required the use of a supporting structure made of steel I-beams. Thus, the structure of the Temple frame is a metal-wood system. The article shows that the combined use of steel and wood in light-frame buildings ensures a rational organization of the space of religious buildings.

Keywords: religious building, temple, belfry, octagon, narthex, altar, wood, light frame building, beam, I-beam, supporting structure

The influence of the type and dosage of some redispersible polymer powders on the shrinkage deformation of building mortars obtained from dry building mixes, including for underfloor heating, after exposure at a temperature of 70 ° C in accordance with GOST R 56387-2018 was investigated. The introduction of admixtures 4042N, E06RA, 5603 into the mixtures did not lead to an increase in shrinkage deformations when maintained according to GOST R 56387-2018 relative to the additive-free standard, regardless of the type and dosage of the admixture, while with these admixtures, regardless of their dosage, within 1-3%, the values of shrinkage deformations were less than 1.5 mm / m. The greatest influence of the type and dosage of the redispersed polymer powders on the shrinkage change is manifested at the heating stage, which is due to their influence on the kinetics of dehydration and the magnitude of the E-modulus. Depending on the type of cement, type and dosage of the admixture, the moisture loss values by the end of heating to 70oC ranged from 0.114 to 0.629 relative to the total moisture loss by the end of holding. Naturally, a change in shrinkage by the end of heating from 0.027 to 0.595 relative to complete shrinkage by the end of aging was noted, while a proportional relationship between moisture loss and shrinkage was revealed. In some formulations, an expansion of up to 0.469 mm/m was recorded by the end of heating. For a comprehensive assessment of the degree of influence of admixtures on changes in the deformation and strength properties of mortar at a holding temperature of 70 ° C according to GOST R 56387-2018, an indicator of the conditional stress level is proposed, varying depending on the holding stage, type of cement, type and dosage of the additive in the range from 0.489 to 3.05.

Keywords: Shrinkage, building mortars, dry building mixes, redispersible polymer powders, underfloor heating

The influence of blast furnace ground granulated slag on the kinetics of strength gain of concrete prepared with a composite binder was revealed. The composite binder contained Portland cement in amounts of 70, 60 and 50%, and the rest was ground granulated slag. It has been established that at the early stage of strength development, concretes made with a composite binder have a strength lower than concrete prepared with Portland cement by 10-24%. However, at the age of 28 days, the strength of concrete using a composite binder corresponds to the strength of concrete using Portland cement. Using polycorboxylate hyperplasticizers, it was possible to obtain concrete with a W/C ratio of 0.25-0.35, which made it possible to obtain high early strength exceeding control compositions by 10-20%.

Keywords: portland cement, grn slag, grinding, composite binder, kinetics of strength gain, hyperplasticizer, kinetics of strength gain