3D printing (3DP) is considered an innovation that promotes automation in civil engineering and offers advantages in design, sustainability and efficiency. With its potential to automate, eliminate formwork, reduce construction waste and improve geometric accuracy, 3DP has promising applications in the building construction and civil engineering. 3DP is an effort to put digital manufacturing into practice, enabling a direct transition from building design / modeling (BIM) to 3DP. This article provides various aspects of application in construction, materials and their compositions, as well as examples of the use of 3DP: buildings, structures, polymer sleepers, etc.

Keywords: 3D technologies in civil engineering and construction, materials

The increased fire hazard of foamed polymers hinders their widespread use in the construction industry. An effective method of reducing the combustibility of carbonizing polymers is the use of phosphorus-containing flame retardants. Therefore, investigation of the influence of phosphorus-containing flame retardants to the composition of pyrolysis products and operational properties – heat resistance, flammability, combustibility and smoke generating ability – is the important objective. In the article we have presented the results of related experimental studies. The effects of phosphorus-containing flame retardants on heat resistance and main operational properties related to fire-safety of foamed constructional polymers are examined. A correlation was found between the results of evaluating the combustibility of foams by the limiting oxygen index and the combustibility index. Optimal concentrations of phosphorus in the foamed thermosetting polymers are established. It was shown that optimal concentration of the flame retardants leads to low combustibility of polyurethane-, resole- and urea-based foamed polymers.

Keywords: foamed polymers, fire hazard, оптимальное сдержаниеreducing the combustibility, phosphorus-containing flame retardants, heat resistance, flammability, combustibility and smoke generating ability

Polymer concrete is a concrete that uses polybutadiene, a polymer from the liquid rubber family, as a binder, so that it has elastic properties and is extremely resistant to aggressive chemicals, high water repellency and high compressive strength. It does not reveal the destruction typical for ordinary concrete, such as cracking and peeling. It has a high electrical resistance, increased mechanical compressive and tensile strength. In addition, polymer concrete is a durable material with water-repellent properties and resistance to aggressive chemical environments. The proposed polymer concrete uses a conventional aggregate, which is used to produce ordinary concrete, but a polymer is used as a binder. Also, the usage of non-metal composite reinforcement is proposed (APP patent No. 16983646). Below are the results of testing samples with three types of dispersed reinforcement.

Keywords: polymer concrete, rubber concrete, composites, fittings, manufacturing methods, testing

Method of hyperresonance desperation was applying for producing 4 types of organic nanopowders. We have discussed arias of application of such nano-powders.

Keywords: organic nano-powders, hyperresonance dispergator, application of organic nano-powders

The use of polymer concrete sleepers based on rubber concrete (RubCon®) with non-metallic composite reinforcement and the method of manufacturing such sleepers are described.

Keywords: sleepers, polymer concrete, rubber concrete, composites, reinforcement, manufacturing methods

Two technological processes are described: be using SDP and FEF. Both processes more economical than conventional.

Keywords: Track Nanomembrane, New US patents

The present work relates to the topic of green chemistry and technology of inorganic substances. In particular, it is devoted to the development of new materials for the reagent treatment of natural and waste water. The authors developed a technology for manufacturing composite materials - flocculants-coagulants on aluminum-silicon and iron-silicon base. Based on these reagents, methods were proposed for purifying natural waters, industrial wastewater and storm sewage. The authors have developed and patented a technology for producing flocculants-coagulants of this type in solid form. When creating these composites, matrix isolation methods of existing active components were used. The experimental evaluation of the effectiveness of the developed flocculants-coagulants ASFC and IFSC on real natural water and industrial wastewater is carried out. Their comparison with known analogs produced by industry is made.

Keywords: composite flocculants-coagulants; water treatment agents; aluminum-silicon and flocculants-coagulants; iron-silicon flocculants-coagulants; matrix isolation

The present work is devoted to the description of the new technology, which relates to a method for producing track membranes by penetration of the working medium within the matrix, and its passage through the matrix of polymer material. The working substance interacts with the matrix in the form of high-speed flow of solid particles. Method for treating thin-film materials with a flow of electrically chargeable solid particles in an electric field generated between two oppositely charged electrodes is proposed. One of the electrodes is made in the form of a net that is penetrable to the solid particles, used as a charging electrode for acceleration of the particles passing toward the thin-film material located above this electrode, while the electrode has a continuous surface, and is used as a charging electrode. The electric field is adjusted to the value needed to satisfy the treatment conditions so that the particles can either be retained in the treated material or can pass though the material, thus forming filters for gases or liquids, track membranes, or the like.

Keywords: membranes manufacturing; trackmembranes; electrically charged solid particles; electric field

Compositions of receiving and using waterborne epoxy - NIPU coating were developed. Experiments to study the compatibility of components in the waterborne epoxy - NIPU coatings were carried out . The optimum ratio of the components of the composition, in order to obtain the necessary physical and mechanical properties of the coating was determinate. The optimal compositions were recommended for industrial application.

Keywords: coating, epoxy & nonisocyanate polyurethane, waterborne system, physical and mechanical properties

The article presents abrief overview of the work in producing and studying of environment friendly nanostructured polymeric composites. Preparation technology and main applications of the nanocellulose (NanoCell) is described. Novel environment friendly hydrophobic polymer composites were developed. These compo¬sites consist of a thick layer of cellulose substrate and a thin protective layer of a biodegradable polymer. Various types of the layer composites and their applications in production of packaging materials are described. The proposed biodegradable nanocomposite coating increases strength of the natural packaging materials and serves effective barrier against water and grease. Wastes of the novel polymer materials can be utilized in two ways: by repulping and by biodegrada¬tion. Widespread usage of the proposed polymer compo¬site materials will bring about an improvement in the ecological state of the environment. Method for preparation of the reactive nanocellulose biocarrier and discussion about its biomedical and cosmetic applications are described as well.

Keywords: : nanocellulose, biocarier, biodegradable materials, nanocopmosite polymer coating, packaging materials , ecological safety

Cured linear hybrid epoxy-amine hydroxyurethane-grafted polymer are preparedby novel structure with lengthy epoxy-amine chains, pendulous hydroxyurethane units and a controlled number of cross-links. These hybrid polymers combine increased flexibility with well balanced physical-mechanical and physical-chemical properties of conventional epoxy-amine systems and may be used, for example, for manufacturing of synthetic/artificial leather and sport monolithic floorings. US Patent Application 14/296,478, filed June 05, 2014.

Keywords: linear epoxy-amine chains, hybrid hydroxyurethane-grafted polymers, synthetic nonisocyanate leather.

The article presents abrief overview of the work in producing and studying of environment friendly nanostructured polymeric composites. Preparation technology and main applications of the nanocellulose (NanoCell) is described. Novel environment friendly hydrophobic polymer composites were developed. These compo¬sites consist of a thick layer of cellulose substrate and a thin protective layer of a biodegradable polymer. Various types of the layer composites and their applications in production of packaging materials are described. The proposed biodegradable nanocomposite coating increases strength of the natural packaging materials and serves effective barrier against water and grease. Wastes of the novel polymer materials can be utilized in two ways: by repulping and by biodegrada¬tion. Widespread usage of the proposed polymer compo¬site materials will bring about an improvement in the ecological state of the environment. Method for preparation of the reactive nanocellulose biocarrier and discussion about its biomedical and cosmetic applications are described as well.

Keywords: : nanocellulose, biocarier, biodegradable materials, nanocopmosite polymer coating, packaging materials , ecological safety

Using an interpenetrating polymer networks (IPN) principle in production of composite materials provides an unique possibility to regulate their both micro- and nano- structures and properties. By changing the IPN formation conditions (as a resultof polymerization and ratio of components, temperature, pressure, catalyst content, introduction of filler and or ionic group) one may obtain the material with desirable properties.Different types of IPN are prepared by using traditional polymers: polyurethanes, including nonisocyanate polyurethanes, epoxies and acrylates; non- organic fillerscan be used as the cluster system.The article discussestheir basic synthesis methods for IPNs their principal features and characteristics.

Keywords: interpenetrating polymer networks, crosslinked polymers, classification of IPN, properties of IPN

Recent advances in chemistry and technology of nonisocyanate polyurethane (NIPU) materials based on cyclic carbonate oligomers are reviewed in this paper. Reaction of the cyclic carbonate and amino groups results in β-hydroxyurethane fragments with specific properties. Primary attention is given to the hybrid materials that contain epoxy and acrylic compounds, especially materials based on renewable raw materials. Hybrid organic composites comprising of silanes are also considered. An overview of the recent publications in this field is provided with a more detailed description of achievements by the authors and their corporate employees. The use of NIPU materials as coatings, adhesives, and foams is described.

Keywords: nonisocyanate polyurethanes, cyclic carbonate oligomers, hybrid polymers

Introduction. The present invention generally relates to construction elements for erecting structures, and also to methods of erecting structures with the use of construction elements. Construction elements for erecting structures are conventionally flat elements, which are assembled at a site of construction for erecting a structure. Such flat constructions elements cannot be too wide because their transportation with the use of conventional transportation means is not possible. It is therefore necessary to use the construction elements with reduced width to allow their transportation, or to produce wide construction elements at the construction site. It is therefore believed that it would be advisable to improve existing construction elements and methods for erection of structures with their use. Result. The new technology of construction, based on the use of precast reinforced concrete large-sized spatial structures with variable geometry, allowing transportation without the special vehicles. After truck shipment and restore the geometry, structure is mounted to final position. As a result of the only one mounting stage, load bearing and (or) enclosure structure, permanent formwork of a monolithic slab floor are erected. The proposed technology is confirmed by the author’s priority (Patent № US 8,615,967 B1 / Dec. 31, 2013) Conclusions. Patent search report and the actual fact of the U.S. Patent allow us to draw a conclusion on feasibility and prospect of new technology.

Keywords: technology of construction, precast reinforced concrete structures, spatial structures, transportation