The article considers the possibility of using the ANSYS WORKBENCH software complex for calculating beams on an elastic base. The mechanical properties of the soil base are very complex, therefore, when calculating structures on an elastic foundation, mathematical difficulties arise. Thus, the task of improving calculation methods becomes extremely urgent. The use of computer modeling programs and the possibilities of modern computers allows you to get a more accurate solution to such problems. From using the ANSYS software package and the finite element method modeling of beam deformations on an elastic Winkler foundation was performed. The proposed method can be used to calculate the settlement of building and structures foundations

Keywords: ANSYS WORKBENCH, elastic foundation, beam, computer modelling, deformation, finite element method, Winkler hypothesis

The optimal ratio of geometric parameters is found, taking into account the rational distribution of forces on the surface and the minimal change in the shape of the cylindrical mesh shell. As part of the increase in overall dimensions to determine the bearing capacity of the structure, a research program was compiled, an experimental installation was designed and tests were carried out on a physical model. According to the results of the conducted studies, the necessary parameters of the stress-strain state of the shell were determined. The effectiveness of the methods of strengthening the system supports using puffs and horizontal trusses was tested. The regularities of the shell behavior under conditions of full and unilateral application of loads are established. The influence of reinforcement methods on the general condition of the mesh surface is investigated. The degree of unloading of the rod system in the case of horizontal trusses was determined and a significant increase in the load-bearing capacity of the structure was established due to the use of tightening in the support zone.

Keywords: cylindrical mesh shell, geometric parameter, reinforcing element, tightening, horizontal truss

The support in the bottom-hole zone of the trunk is a system of rings made of monolithic concrete having a different hardening period, which increases from the face up the trunk and is determined by the duration of the tunneling cycle. The strength and deformation parameters of the concrete support depend on the age of the concrete. Thus, to determine the strength of concrete in the early stages of concrete hardening, various empirical dependencies are used that link the strength of concrete at the design age with the strength at the required age. Based on a series of calculations performed by the finite element method, it was found that the change in the penetration rate does not significantly affect the relationship between stresses and deformations when static equilibrium is reached in the ""support – array"" system, which occurs at a high penetration rate at a greater distance from the bottom of the trunk. At the same time, intensive loading of the support at an early age can disrupt the process of natural hardening of concrete, lead to a violation of its structure, the development of fracturing, which will entail a decrease in the bearing capacity and water resistance of the support, a decrease in its durability.

Keywords: shaft, sinking, support, concrete, stress, deformation, strength, bearing capacity

Every year, for the implementation of any oil and gas project in the Far North, the largest oil and gas companies use new technologies. This is due to attempts to reduce the cost of field development and operation. The article reveals the advantages of using composite materials in the construction of oil and gas fields. The cost of using composite and metal supports is given. The main objects, the construction of which is possible with the use of composites, are shown, and conclusions are drawn on the large-scale introduction of this material during construction.

Keywords: composite materials, field development, construction, labor intensity reduction, construction time reduction

The article considers the directions of development of energy, transport and water facilities through the use of liquefied natural gas.

Keywords: liquefied natural gas, energy, methane, motor transport

The article contains information about the factors influencing the attitude of consumers to tourist offers, and provides recommendations on the organization of an effective advertising campaign of a travel company belonging to the category of small and medium-sized businesses in the vastness of the global network.

Keywords: campaign, advertising, tourism, internet, website, direct, marketplace, query, statistics, Iran

This article attempts to analyze the current state of energy efficiency of construction projects in the Republic of Tajikistan. Issues related to improving the energy efficiency of newly built facilities are also considered. The problem of increasing energy efficiency depends on the solution of the issue of energy saving in the design, construction and operation of buildings. Saving energy resources in construction is one of the urgent problems in the field of electric power industry. The level of comfort of buildings and their performance depends on the level of their thermal protection. Reducing the consumption of energy resources is one of the most important tasks in the construction, reconstruction and operation of buildings and structures. Based on this, energy saving is one of the priorities of the state policy of the Republic of Tajikistan. From this point of view, the chosen research topic can be very timely and relevant.

Keywords: energy efficiency, thermal protection, normative and technical documents, natural and climatic conditions, energy consumption, energy saving, insulation, economy, construction

The article considers internal adjustable sun-protecting jalousies from their different functional efficiency pant of view. It is noted, that besides their main sun-protective function, adjustable jalousies possess some other functions, depending on the position of their horizontal planks. These functions can be successfully used for microclimatic internal environment creation of comfortable. These are natural lighting function, psychological contract with surrounding environment function and function of visual isolation, i.e. “privacy”. and so on. All the above functions usually have maximum efficiency of their qualities in the case of their individual consideration. This, as a rule, is not practically reasonable. That is why this work is aimed on optimum combination of the man functional characteristics of horizontal sun-protecting jalousies under necessity of their mutual consideration, i.e. in achievement of their functional universality.

Keywords: sun-protecting devices, horizontal jalousies, functional characteristics, comfort of internal environment, optimization, insolation, visual comfort, functional universality, natural lighting

The main message of the scientific article is overview of types construction concrete structures at low temperatures. Two main methods of concreting at low temperatures are considered. The first method is using of antifreeze additives. Second method is application of electric heating of concrete with PNSV heating cable. In end of the article shows a technical and economic comparison of these method, is given a short calculation.

Keywords: concrete, reinforced concrete, concreting, low temperatures, hardening problems, concrete strength, antifreeze additives, electric heating of concrete

The results of the studies show that the manufacturer of composite materials for the consumption of reinforced concrete structures depends and produces materials for reinforcement, material properties and their quality. Such a thing requires the study of properties, fixing in the structure of materials. The article is devoted to the appeal. A program has been specially developed for influencing structures with unexplored, but the most popular composite materials in Russia, in particular, in the Rostov region. Certain parameters of reinforced structures that will be checked during the testing process. The program of the experiment was designed in such a way as to capture the most important reinforced concrete structures used in construction.

Keywords: concrete, reinforced concrete, composite material, carbon fiber reinforced plastic, external reinforcement, deformations, compressed elements

When designing flat reinforced concrete slabs, the most complex and responsible structural unit is the area where the slab is supported by the column. This is due to the action of large concentrated efforts and the greatest density of reinforcement. In view of this, the issue of choosing calculation methods that most accurately estimate the punching capacity for suchstructural units is relevant. The article analyzed experimental data for 73 samples of flat reinforced concrete slabs without shear reinforcement from 10 different sources and compared with the results of calculations of the punching shear resistance according to SP 63.13330.2018, EN 1992 Eurocode 2 and Model Code 2010.

Keywords: punching shear resistance, flat reinforced concrete slab, static load

The choice of options for strengthening reinforced concrete structures is based on a large number of factors based on technical capabilities and economic efficiency. Modern construction requires new reinforcement methods that allow reducing labor costs and work time, while maintaining the aesthetic appearance of a building under construction or being restored. The stumbling block is the issue price and the reliability of new amplification methods. For this purpose, known and used reinforcement methods based on materials such as reinforced concrete and metal were compared with a fairly new reinforcement method used materials based on carbon fabric. This article provides examples and results of calculations for the reinforcement of a column with a reinforced concrete, metal and composite cage. Based on the results of the calculations, a technical and economic comparison of the existing reinforcement options was carried out.

Keywords: "concrete, reinforced concrete, composite material, carbon fiber reinforced plastic, external reinforcement, deformations, compressed elements

Atmospheric air is the most important life-supporting natural environment that has developed during the evolution of the Earth. The results of environmental studies, both in Russia and abroad, indicate that pollution of the surface atmosphere is the most powerful, constantly acting factor of impact on humans, the food chain and the environment. In this regard, the urgency of the deterioration of the ecology of the surface environment in modern cities has increased disproportionately. The development of modern cities, caused by the need to improve the living environment, contributes to the creation of new buildings and structures, the development of transport and engineering infrastructure. As a result, the density of urban development and the congestion of transport networks increase, which leads to environmental pollution and complicates the ecological situation in cities. The article analyzes the ecology of the largest cities in Russia using the example of the city of St. Petersburg and assesses the aerodynamics of urban space. Convective flows occurring in the urban space are identified as one of the important factors in improving the ecology of the urban environment. The analysis of such factors as harmful emissions from vehicles and disturbed due to dense development of air exchange in urban areas, affecting the ecology of urban space.

Keywords: ecology, aerodynamics, air exchange, air pollution, transport infrastructure, high-rise building, urban development, aeration, energy consumption

The condition of a metal cylindrical mesh shell with external horizontal trusses is investigated. The basic principles of forming the structure are considered, taking into account the use of a support rib to align the faces of a mesh surface. The analysis of important force factors and deformation parameters of the reinforced shell is carried out taking into account all possible combinations of loads. The regularities of the system operation are determined and the influence of the location of the support trusses on the behavior of the structure is estimated. Vulnerable areas with maximum longitudinal forces in the elements and the greatest displacements of nodes were identified. An increase in stiffness outside the shell plane in the transverse direction was obtained and a positive redistribution of forces over the surface was recorded. An acceptable result was established from the point of view of ensuring the stability of the structure and the increased resistance of the shell to deformation was noted.

Keywords: cylindrical mesh shell, side elements, horizontal trusses, design parameters, forces, displacements

The paper presents the results of a study aimed at selecting a safe depth of an underground collector. In the scientific and normative literature there are no specific recommendations for the depth of tunneling through the existing highways. There are only recommendations for tunneling through railway embankments. Purpose of this study: scientifically substantiated recommendations for the use of reinforced concrete pipes as collector cases. The decision of problems for achievement of the objective will be carried out by means of numerical experiment - a method of finite elements.

Keywords: reinforced concrete case, underground collector, safe depth, mathematical modeling, case structures, highway, closed method of work, trenchless laying, finite element method, subsidence trough

The issues of optimization of ribbed reinforced concrete slabs with prestressing of reinforcement, taking into account geometric, strength and cost indicators, are considered. The study was car-ried out on the basis of an analysis of the sales market for building materials, the basics of rein-forced concrete resistance and the provisions of regulatory documents, design activities in the Russian Federation, as well as the works of domestic and foreign scientists. The research method is structural-analytical analysis taking into account the relationships of the factors under study. Analytical and graphic materials are presented, revealing the regularities between the geometric dimensions and the cost of components. The proposed method for determining the efficiency of a structure, taking into account the cost indicators of materials, indicates the feasibility of its ap-plication in design practice. Recommendations for design are given to ensure that structures of the minimum cost are obtained and that meet the requirements of strength and durability.

Keywords: reinforced concrete, strength, structure, reinforcement, diameter, price, cost, efficiency, dimen-sions, analysis, element

Over the past two years, during the pandemic, there has been an increased interest of the population in suburban real estate. However, there are a number of problems that a potential buyer faces. The main thing is to indicate the need for transformations, to propose solutions for the further development of the segment of individual houses, the concept of an affordable and comfortable modern village.

Keywords: mortgage, frame house, modern village, individual housing construction, configurator, infrastructure, modern construction technologies, Barnhouse

The use of metal structures as load-bearing elements of building frames is incredibly extensive. They are used in all areas, from the construction of bridges to the construction of airports and other equally important facilities. Based on this, it is necessary to design such structures extremely accurately, take into account all possible effects on the elements of the building and lay the necessary safety margins. In turn, fire, as one of the extraordinary loads, must be investigated in all its aspects. From the study of the development of a fire, to the structural analysis of elements exposed to fire. This article is devoted to determining the fire resistance of steel beams by two approaches - analytical and numerical, as well as comparing the results. After testing the beam with two methods, it was concluded that the maximum value of the deflection rate in the analysis is 32.6 mm/min, which exceeds the limit value. Since only one limit condition is exceeded, the beam is considered to meet the R30 fire resistance requirement. To increase the fire resistance of the structure, it is necessary to apply various methods of protecting the beam section.

Keywords: metal structures, load-bearing element, extreme load, structural analysis, fire impact, fire resistance

The article presents the results of comparative tests of samples of connections of wooden elements from glued wood on metal linings using screwed and glued screws, 3 samples of each of 5 types of connections (one glueless and four varieties of glued screwed connection). It has been established that the use of epoxy adhesives increases the strength characteristics of the adhesive-free joint by the criterion of breaking load by 1.46, 1.78, 1.70, 1.59 times, by the criterion of the elastic work of the joint by 1.56, 1.56, 1.82, 1.30 times for glued joints (ED-20 + PEPA, ED -20 + THETA, DER-331 + PEPA, DER-331 + THETA) respectively. Of the glued-in samples, the deformation Dult=2mm was achieved only by samples No. 8 (ED-20 + TETA) and No. 14 (DER-331 + TETA) at loads 1.77, 1.40 times greater than the load in a glueless joint. Full deformations Dp at the same load within the limits of elastic work of joints decrease by 7, 10.61, 10.61 times for glued joints (ED-20 + PEPA, ED-20 + TETA, DER-331 + PEPA), respectively. For samples of compounds (DER-331 + TETA) with a compared load value, the deformations are equal to 0.

Keywords: glued wood, metal linings, testing of joint samples, bearing capacity of the joint, deformability of the joint, upper limit of the elastic work region (URL), total deformation, permanent deformation, elastic deformation, safety factor

The article provides a comparative assessment of the possibilities of visual and machine sorting of sawn timber. It is noted that in conditions of depletion of forest resources, visual sorting of sawn timber according to the criteria of GOST 8486 cannot guarantee strength indicators corresponding to the assigned type of wood. while machine sorting allows for an objective sorting of wood according to the normalized values ​​of strength, modulus of elasticity and density, according to the specified lower limits of their standard values. Using the example of the second grade wood (strength class C24), the influence of the statistical scatter of data on the rejection minimum assigned during machine sorting of sawn timber is considered.

Keywords: timber, sawn timber, visual sorting, machine sorting, rejection minimum, standard resistance, strength classes, coefficient of variation, strength control

Studies of a cylindrical mesh shell using the method of decomposition into flat faces and the LIRA application software package have been carried out. The assessment of the possibility of using the considered approaches in the analysis of specific sites and in the case of a complete study of the mesh surface is carried out. The necessary indicators of inclusion in the work of the design, reliability, accuracy and speed of calculation of design parameters are determined. The characteristics of the stress-strain state of the system are revealed, which made it possible to recommend an approximate calculation method for quickly determining preliminary results. Methods of obtaining calculated data in all zones of the shell on a cylindrical surface are analyzed. With the help of application software, a high degree of information about the forces, displacements and mass of the spatial structure was obtained. The simplicity and clarity of visualization of the obtained schemes in accordance with the design requirements are noted.

Keywords: cylindrical mesh shell, approximate method, computer approach, calculated parameters, forces, displacements, mass

The article discusses the main indicators of acceptance of work on engineering and geological surveys for compliance with the technical task of the Customer, the main technical indicators and on the results of control and acceptance of work satisfy the requirements of the joint venture. The main indicators of the deformation characteristics of the soil obtained by static and field tests are shown. To control the homogeneity and humidity of the soil after testing, samples were selected. According to the results of the test, graphs of the precipitation of the stamp of the pressure stamp are constructed. According to the test results, modules are deformed soil deformation in a water-saturated state. Geological and engineering and geological processes are identified at the site of the designed construction and are presented with increased seismicity and flooding.

Keywords: Acceptance of work, engineering and geological surveys, customer's technical task, main technical indicators, control and acceptance of work

This article presents the results of a study of the tendency of composites based on magnesium oxychloride cements to deformation changes. The dependence of the degree of deformation of light magnesian concretes on the conditions of their hardening has been determined. The main factors influencing the deformation of light magnesia concretes have been established. The influence of hardening conditions on the intensity of deformation changes is shown. Revealed the reasons causing uneven deformation of light magnesia concrete. A method for the manufacture of light magnesia concretes has been determined, which prevents their uneven deformation and subsequent violation of the geometry of the structure. It has been established that the introduction of modifier additives, such as cellulose ethers, helps to reduce the delamination of concrete magnesia mixtures, improve their homogeneity and reduce the unevenness of deformation changes over the sample volume.

Keywords: magnesium oxychloride cement, volumetric deformations, shrinkage, expansion, warpage, hardening conditions

The article considers the problem of the formation of urban heat islands. The reasons for the occurrence of such heat islands are revealed. The influence of artificial urbanized surfaces on the albedo value is analyzed. The connection of the appearance of urban heat islands with the reduction of plant and water resources of the city has been established. The estimation of anthropogenic heat emissions, urban morphology is given. Possible solutions for reducing the influence of urban heat island on the microclimate of urbanized space are presented. A number of natural urban planning and architectural construction tools and methods of regulating urban heat islands are formulated. Their complex accounting at the stage of city planning and design of buildings and structures is indicated. This approach is recommended using software systems modeling an urbanized environment as a basis for regulating heat islands, reducing their negative impact on urban space.

Keywords: wind, urban ecology, heat island, anthropo-loading, urbanization, city, relief, albedo, pollution, environment

The article discusses the improvement of overhead power line supports (OHPL) by optimizing them and automating the design, including the creation of a OHPL design model as a single system and an algorithm for solving it. Performed the stress-strain state analysis and the optimization of structural forms of support poles, taking into account the requirements of efficiency and manufacturability. Created a system of automated one-stage design of overhead transmission line supports.

Keywords: overhead power line, optimal design, lattice support, design model