Soft intellectual property cores (IP-cores) based on a field programmable gate array (FPGA) are blocks that do not have a specific placement and prerouted interconnects on the chip. These blocks make it possible to speed up the design process of the digital circuits based on the FPGAs, while the use of the FPGA architecture specialized resources can increase the performance of the developed circuits that include soft IP-cores. These resources should be considered both in the soft IP-cores design and in the development of methods and algorithms for computer-aided design systems to achieve the greatest efficiency. In this paper, two soft IP-cores implementations are developed and a comparative analysis of the obtained blocks’ volumes and the used routing resources is carried out. In the first implementation, both the logical and layout syntheses take into account the basic FPGA structural features and FPGA specialized resources. In the second, only standard library elements and a common routing tree are used. On the results of the analysis, the advantages of the FPGA specialized architecture specialized resources in the soft IP-cores design are shown. Also the paper describes the specifics of these resources introduced by the FPGA developers, and the implementation features of the following soft IP-cores: n-bit adder / subtractor, up counter to n and n-bit shift register.

Keywords: intellectual property core, computer aided design, field programmable gate array, design flow, routing

The purpose of this research is analysis of the possibility of using classical neural networks for the malignant neoplasms recognition on skin digital images. In this study was used International Skin Imaging Collaboration database including 6594 dermatoscopic images. At the first stage of the study, digital skin images were classified into malignant and benign neoplasms using the IBM SPSS Statistic tool to automatically select the architecture for artificial neural network. At the second stage was built architecture of artificial neural network, which include one hidden layer. At the third stage was used architecture of an artificial neural network with two hidden layers. In the course of the study digital skin images classified with the highest value of the accuracy indicator (0,752 [0,736 ; 0,768]) during classification using the architecture of an artificial neural network, which includes two hidden layers. The sigmoid was used as the activation function for the hidden layers. The hyperbolic tangent was used as activation function for output layer. With this value of the accuracy, the specificity of the diagnostic method was obtained – 0,813 [0,802 ; 0,824], as well as the value of the sensitivity – 0,665 [0,637 ; 0,691]. Thus, artificial neural networks can be used as a method for skin malignant neoplasms diagnostic on digital images.

Keywords: artificial neural networks, digital skin images, machine learning, image classification, skin cancer

When designing security systems for buildings and structures, the technical specification specifies the required characteristics of the equipment. On the basis of the technical specification, a certain number of solutions (projects) from different designers and suppliers can be formed. These projects may differ in equipment, method of installation and maintenance, different degrees of functional reserve and the possibility of expanding the system if necessary. At this stage of equipment selection, the engineer is faced with the problem of choosing one optimal option from the presented subset, since all projects (solutions) meet the requirements of the technical specification. The presented algorithm for selecting the elements of the security system of real estate objects is based on the construction of a complex assessment model. The characteristics by which the equipment will be compared are determined. The degree of importance of each characteristic is determined. A comprehensive assessment of each alternative is calculated. The proposed approach avoids the negative consequences of subjectivism arising from the influence of the external environment.

Keywords: multi-criteria task, algorithm, selection task, security system, ranking, design, terms of reference, criterion, complex evaluation, model

This article presents the existing technologies for implementing ground anchors - inside a casing pipe, without the use of a casing pipe and under using a bentonite clay. As a result, a method for selecting the technology for strengthening the retaining walls has been developed by using injection anchors.

Keywords: excavation, ground anchors, spacer mounts, foundation pit cofferdam, technology of the device

This article proposes the development of a method for fixing changes in the galvanic skin response and human pulse, depending on the viewing of a video fragment, which presumably causes a certain emotional reaction of a person. The creation of a prototype device on the Arduino Leonardo platform and compatible with this platform sensors for fixing galvanic skin response and a human pulse sensor is described, with the help of which data is collected for further use in determining the emotional state of a person.

Keywords: galvanic skin reaction, pulse, emotional state, arduino, emotion

The work is devoted to the study of thermal deformations and changes in the properties of steel-reinforced concrete after heating them to high temperatures in connection with the use of steel-reinforced concrete panels as permanent formwork of prefabricated monolithic structures of nuclear power plants. Thermal changes of steel-fiber reinforced concrete have been studied in other works. However, the results obtained in these studies do not correspond to the features of the work of steel-fiber concrete in the panels of fixed formwork. Not all major thermal changes have been investigated. In this regard, in this work, tests are carried out on sample plates. Thermal changes after heating at temperatures from 110 to 1100 oC of mass, density, size, flexural strength, ultrasound transmission rate, and water resistance are studied. Samples of 23 compositions made on the basis of a cement-sand matrix using five types of steel fiber with a volume content from 0.5% to 6%, as well as samples of the matrix, were studied. It was found that after heating, there is a decrease in mass and density, a change in size (mainly a decrease after 110-600 oC and mainly an increase after 800-1100 oC), a change in bending strength (mainly an increase after 110 – 300 oC and a decrease after 400 – 1100 oC), a decrease in the speed of ultrasound transmission and the water resistance of steel fiber concrete. It is found that the dependence of thermal deformations and changes in the properties of steel-fiber concrete on the heating temperature, volume content and type of fiber is not monotonous and variable at different values of these factors. Moreover, the thermal changes of fiber-reinforced concrete do not always correspond to the expected ones, based on theoretical concepts. The reasons for this phenomenon are shown. It is noted that it is necessary to conduct further numerical analysis of the obtained results in order to identify the true, not masked by other processes, influence of temperature, type and volume content of fiber on the thermal changes in the properties of steel fiber concrete after heating.

Keywords: steel fiber reinforced concrete, temperature impact, change in mass, change in ultrasound speed, change in water resistance, change in strength

This article discusses the importance of timely monitoring of the technical condition of structures and buildings in general in the process of preserving cultural heritage objects. And also, using the example of the Rostov region, the article raises one of the existing organizational and technical problems of preserving cultural heritage objects – the lack of the ability to conduct timely monitoring of the technical condition of historically significant objects in the region, and the urgent need to create local organizations to monitor the technical condition of objects and prevent violations of their operation.

Keywords: cultural heritage object, monitoring, inspection, technical condition, complex technical studies, violations, operation, historical value, restoration, repair, preservation

All the objects of renovation are located in the city of Moscow, all belong to residential construction. Each of the renovation projects is subject to state expertise with special conditions and requirements set by the MFR. The renovation program is planned until 2032, started in 2017. Despite the fact that the program has been running for 4 years, few people know the specifics of passing the examination and the subtleties of the program itself. The Moscow Renovation Fund has its own requirements and conditions for the construction organization project, which must be taken into account by the designer and expert. Currently, passing the Moscow state examination of the objects of the renovation program takes more time than private projects. In order to understand why this happens, it is necessary to analyze the construction organization project to identify its weaknesses. By understanding where the most comments are received by the construction organization project manager, you can prevent these comments in advance by paying more attention to these points. To do this, in the article, the construction organization project was divided into 11 groups, for which we will identify in which part of the project the project organization receives the most comments. In order to identify for what reason and because of what most often the construction organization project receives a negative conclusion, it is necessary to divide the comments themselves into types. In the course of the analysis, in this article we will deduce the weaknesses of construction organization projects in the conditions of renovation.

Keywords: moscow State expertise, construction organization project, renovation, probability distribution, construction program

The process of finding the calculated lengths of the elements of a cross lattice using the displacement method in the case when both bars are not interrupted and when one of the bars is interrupted and overlapped by a gusset is considered. New formulas of the displacement method are proposed for finding the support reactions of an element having a spring fixation at one of the ends. A formula is proposed that allows you to determine the spring stiffness, with the help of which the operation of the connecting strip is simulated. A comparison is made of two calculation options: using the usual formulas of the displacement method and using the proposed new formulas. The calculation showed good convergence of the results with a significant simplification of the calculation process in the second case. A comparison of the calculated lengths obtained with the instructions of the current sets of rules is given. The possibility of adopting a more economical section when determining the calculated length by means of the displacement method is noted.

Keywords: estimated length, cross lattice, stability, critical force, truss

A solution to the problem of insufficient transport accessibility of the airport complex "Platov" in the form of a modern transport interchange complex is proposed. Five time models of spatial development of the transport and transfer complex within the airport complex have been developed. Step-by-step modeling from a compact transport hub to a large complex of facilities (bus station, bus station with a small logistics center, complex station, transport and public center and public center with transport and transfer function) stimulates the natural and soft development of the advanced development zone (aeropolis) on the basis of the airport complex "Platov". The analysis of the model range of the time development of the transport and transfer complex will allow to create an object that meets the principles of sustainable architecture.

Keywords: architecture, shaping, functioning, spatial development, transport and transfer complex, transport and transfer hub, transport infrastructure, aeropolis, model, transformation

The current situation in the world related to the pandemic and the new rules of social distancing allowed us to identify the main problems of modern formation of the maternity institutions architectural environment and showed the need for their spatial modernization, taking into account the flexible planning structure. The article discusses individual approaches to creating a comfortable therapeutic environment that promotes social distancing. An «architectural and spatial approach» is proposed, which changes the boundaries of spaces in the following areas of the maternity facility: «entrance», «reception of women in labor», «area for relatives and hospital visitors», «delivery of newborns», «consultations» in the Polyclinic Department of the maternity hospital. The second, «environmental approach», is based on changing the scheme of communication and environmental situations in the internal environment of the maternity facility: the interior environment turns from public to autonomous.

Keywords: maternity hospital, perinatal center, therapeutic environment, social distance, adaptation, modernization

Creep is a slow plastic (irreversible) deformation of a product under the action of stress created in the material. This article discusses the creep of polymer products. The creep of a material is characterized by the experimental dependence of the deformation resulting from a fixed load on time.

Keywords: material deformation, elastic deformation, highly elastic deformation, polymers, viscous deformation, plastic deformation

Purpose: The purpose of the study is to identify the duration of the implementation and linkage between procedures and the development of a basic organizational and management model for their passage by the technical customer (developer) at the stages of pre-design and design preparation of the facility for construction. Carrying out this study is relevant, since today there is a single regulation for a technical customer (developer), describing the sequence and the possibility of paralleling and the duration of functions during the passage of procedures at the stages under consideration. Methods: The conducted research is based on the analysis of scientific and technical literature, regulatory and technical, regulatory and legal documents, the method of expert assessments is also applied. Results: The processing of the arrays of data from the questionnaire survey of experts made it possible to determine the intervals of the duration of the procedure by the technical customer (developer) and to link them with each other in time at the stages under study. As a result, a basic organizational and managerial model was developed for the passage of procedures by a technical customer (developer) at the stages of pre-design and design preparation of an object for construction. Conclusions: The use of the basic organizational and management model by organizations performing the functions of a technical customer (developer) will simplify the planning and management of processes when going through the procedures at the stages of pre-design and design preparation of an object for construction.

Keywords: technical customer, developer, pre-project and project preparation, organizational and management model

The article shows the current problems associated with the development of the northern part of Russia. Large deposits of ore minerals and hydrocarbons are located in the northern regions. The severe climatic conditions of these regions and the difficulties of construction on permafrost soils are noted. Special attention is paid to the relevance of the issue of soil stabilization. The analysis of the degradation of permafrost soils is carried out on the basis of statistical data on the change in the average annual temperature recorded by the Salekhard weather station. It is concluded that when the thawed base is planted, the destruction of structures and man-made disasters are possible. The methods of ensuring a stable frozen state of soils during seasonal thawing are considered. The types and classification of seasonally operating cooling devices are presented. The principle of operation of the presented devices, the scope of application of each type of seasonally operating cooling devices is given.

Keywords: soil, heat stabilizer, heat carrier, cryolithozone, foundation, foundation, bridge construction, monitoring, condensation, freon, expanded polystyrene

Geotechnical input to the design, construction, and operations of pipelines in permafrost may differ significantly from that for pipelines in temperate terrain. The general remoteness and terrain fragility of permafrost regions are key issues that challenge the geotechnical input. Specific geotechnical issues that necessitate input include pipeline routing, slope stability, thaw settlement and frost heave, ditching, buoyancy control, upheaval buckling. and others. It is necessary to develop and implement new technological solutions, taking into account long-term forecasts of the temperature conditions of the soil bases, which should be able to prevent or compensate for the negative impact of heat for all pipelines laid in permafrost conditions.

Keywords: gas and oil pipeline, permafrost, seasonally frozen soil, innovative technologies geosell, geosynthetic, modeling

The object of the development is an experimental installation with pulsed circulation of the coolant in the main circuit for its use as a hydraulic drive of a diaphragm pump used for pumping liquid in the secondary circuit, which increases the energy efficiency of the pump drive for small-scale energy facilities. An installation with pulsed circulation of the coolant with a diaphragm pump was developed, assembled and tested on the basis of a new design of the shock unit with a cam profile, which makes it possible to create an acceleration of the flow at the pump suction. As a result of the experiment, we obtained the dependence of the volume of the pumped liquid on the frequency of operation of the shock unit.

Keywords: energy efficiency, diaphragm pump, shock unit, pump drive, cam, fluid flow, fluid pressure, oscillation frequency

The method of conducting an expert examination to determine the level of impact noise of the floor covering is considered, the features of the results of the study of the sound insulation values are reflected.

Keywords: impact noise, impact noise level, expertise, sound absorption coefficient, octave band, third-octave band, geometric mean frequency

With the help of the software package of finitely elementary analysis, a methodology was modeled with subsequent analysis of the performance of the gauge coatings made of reinforced concrete slabs on the basis of earthworks of variable stiffness.

Keywords: diversification of management, production diversification, financial and economic purposes of a diversification, technological purposes of ensuring flexibility of production

This paper reports on the results obtained on the diagnostics of a steam pipeline of a thermal power plant; it analyzes the effect of thermal fatigue on the structure and properties of the 12Kh1MF steel and possible reasons for the emergency destruction of steam pipeline elements before the exhaustion of economic life. Ultrasonic testing and additional heat treatment are proposed to be used for the detection and elimination of structural inhomogeneity in the metal. The applicability of statistical technique to analyzing data on the loading history of a steam pipeline is studied, which enables us to evaluate the damaging effects of loading cycles and to develop a plan of preventive measures, as well as to increase the accuracy of predicting the residual life of steam pipeline elements.

Keywords: metallic structure, diagnostics, degradation, steam pipeline, thermal fatigue, microstructure, mechanical properties, residual life

Permafrost occupies about 25 percent of the world's area and spreads across the north of America, Europe, Asia, as well as the islands of the Arctic Ocean and Antarctica. In Russia, a considerable part of the population lives and works in the regions of the Far North, where mining is rapidly developing in conditions of permafrost. This is where the erection of the foundations is an important issue.

Keywords: pile foundations, permafrost, drilling, oil production, land, territory, deformations, soil, installation, screw piles

Reducing energy consumption in the design, installation and operation of engineering networks is implemented in the process of implementing investment construction projects. An energy service contract, like any economic agreement, requires a feasibility study. When strengthening the thermal protection of a building, it is necessary to determine both the design of the fences and translucent structures, and the payback period of the investment. The objective of the research is to develop and analyze a mathematical model of heat losses depending on the characteristics of the resistance to heat transfer of walls, windows and balcony doors. Classical dependencies do not allow applying standard mathematical analysis procedures. It is proposed to use a power function that assumes the availability of differentiation. The paper substantiates the form of such a function and provides an extended analysis of the effect of changes in the resistance to heat transfer of building structures on the transmission heat losses of a building, which allows arguing for the adoption of optimal technical and economic decisions.

Keywords: energy-saving construction project, thermal protection of buildings, indifference curves, mathematical model of heat loss

Practice shows that today the main trend in the development of the modern construction industry is associated with the expansion of the use of cast-in-situ reinforced concrete. In many cases, cast-in-situ reinforced concrete has better construction and technological properties (compared to precast concrete, metal) and allows you to freely implement a variety of architectural solutions with economic benefits. In turn, modern advances in the technology of concrete work would not be possible without the appropriate technical base. This article analyzes the use of construction machines in the construction of a cast-in-situ reinforced concrete skeleton of civil buildings on the example of objects realized in Yekaterinburg. A study was conducted, according to the results of which the manufacturers of construction equipment were identified, as well as the technologies prevailing in monolithic housing construction in the city. According to the terms and cost of construction, which are the defining elements of the construction sector, one indicator was allocated for a technical and economic comparison, the results of which determined the need to develop a comprehensive feasibility study of the use of construction machines in the construction of cast-in-situ load-bearing reinforced concrete structures, as well as the development of methods for selecting machines, which in the future will reduce the construction time of the cast-in-situ skeleton of the building, increase the payback of monolithic civil housing construction and the efficiency of construction from cast-in-situ reinforced concrete.

Keywords: civiс building, cast-in-situ reinforced concrete,construction machine, load-bearing structure, technical and economic comparison, concrete mix, building skeleton, construction machine, construction, civil engineering

Suspended ceilings constructions can improve the sound insulation of air and impact noise in civil buildings. To minimize the volume of the room, two types of suspended acoustic ceilings are most often used. They are: with the attachment of the structural shell of the ceiling close to the floor slab, and at a low suspension height. The influence of the slab's surface density on the correction to the sound insulation, which is created by the suspended ceiling, both in the first and in the second type, is considered. A method for a correction calculation for the sound insulation due to a suspended ceiling in these cases is given. At a minimum height the method is based on taking into account acoustic power's radiation coefficient of the shell. While for the low suspension height the method deals with the vibration's transmission from the floor slab to the ceiling's shell through the air layer and through the metal fasteners, that in this case become acoustic bridges. As a result, the formula of frequency response for sound pressure lowering, due to the sustained ceiling structure, is obtained. The influence of plasterboard suspended ceiling's perforation on the sound insulation of the entire floor structure is evaluated.

Keywords: suspended ceiling, impact noise isolation, airborne noise isolation, acoustic radiation power, limit frequency, acoustic bridge, acoustic impedance, vibration velocity level, porous and fibrous material, perforated plasterboard

The article presents a method for determining the dynamic characteristics (period and form of natural vibrations) of buildings and structures, taking into account the flexibility of the foundation under seismic impact. This also takes into account the uneven settlement during the construction of structures on various soils. The total displacement of the mass of the structure under seismic effects, taking into account the compliance of the base, is recorded as the sum of displacements from shear and rotation. In addition, a coefficient is introduced into the calculation, which is the mode of vibration of a rigidly embedded system. The formulas obtained can be used to create a mathematical model of the joint work of the "foundation - structure" system.

Keywords: structure, dynamics, natural oscillations, oscillation period, oscillation shape, base pliability, seismic impact