Since 2017, EVRAZ ZSMK JSC has been developing and operating a mathematical model covering all processing stages from ore extraction to final products – SMM Forecast. The model will be used to calculate technical cases, plans, and parity prices for iron ore and coal, and its use brought more than 200 million rubles of economic effect in 2020 alone. The use of a universal mathematical model made it possible in 2023 to begin the development of a module for daily optimization of an agglomeration factory and blast furnace production. The article discusses the experience of EVRAZ ZSMK JSC in the development and implementation of a daily planning system based on the monthly planning model of SMM Forecast, as well as methods for achieving an acceptable speed of multi-period optimization. The SMM Forecast system was originally designed for end-to-end, scenario-based calculation of the main raw materials from ore and coal to finished products in a volumetric monthly planning. The system uses optimization algorithms to search for a global target function to maximize margin income under specified constraints. The mathematical model of redistribution uses the norms and technologies specified in the company's regulatory documents. At the same time, the model is universal and the transfer of algorithms from monthly to daily mode was carried out with minimal modifications. The article also discusses the difficulties encountered and various methods of solving these problems. The first problem faced by the developers was the low speed of optimization of the model in daily dynamics due to the strong complication of the optimization load. The calculation time has increased significantly, and to solve this problem, it took the introduction of a number of optimization cycles aimed at reducing the speed of solving equations, introducing variable boundaries, and determining starting points. As a result, the calculation time for one month was about 40 minutes. The second problem was the need to develop a complex supply management algorithm and optimize stacking at the sinter plant. As a result of solving this problem, a working tool has been developed that brings additional income to the enterprise.

Keywords: metallurgy, modeling, planning, daily planning, sintering plant, blast furnace shop, stacking

The paper presents a mathematical model, algorithm and simulation results of the steam pressure control process in a steam curtain of a tubular furnace of a diesel fuel hydrotreating technological installation based on a PID-controller with filtration of the current control error of a double moving average.

Keywords: automation, subsystem, control, control, steam curtain of a tubular furnace, steam pressure, moving average

A method is proposed for non-contact indication of the presence of operating voltage in disconnected sections of an alternating current contact network, based on the properties of liquid crystals and the effect of electrical influences. A procedure is given for selecting voltage indicator parameters when used on single-track sections of a traction network. The possibility of using sign-synthesizing liquid crystal indicators to create contactless indicators without an internal power source to indicate the presence of operating voltage in sections of the contact network is shown.

Keywords: AC contact network, single-track section, disconnected section, operating voltage, non-contact indication, liquid crystal indicator, properties, equivalent circuit, selection of parameters

This study is devoted to the development of methods for the automatic assessment of the granulometric composition of ore after blasting based on data obtained from unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). Determining the size of ore fragments is an important step, since the effectiveness of subsequent crushing processes depends on its accuracy. Traditional methods of analysis use manual work, which requires considerable labor and is subject to subjective factors. The study examines modern machine learning methods and neural network architectures, such as Feature Pyramid Network (FPN), EfficientNet and SE ResNet, which can automatically and accurately segment images. As a result of the experiments, it was found that the VPN network with a pre-trained EfficientNet B2 base showed the highest IoU accuracy among the models.

Keywords: granulometric composition, FPN, Efficient Net, SEResNet

The article analyzes the placement of developed measuring devices for assessing the quality of blending of natural and chemical fibers in various spinning systems of cotton and wool spinning industry. The variants of installation of sensing elements on carding and draw frames are considered. Algorithms of interaction between microcontroller and personal computer in the automated measuring system are presented.

Keywords: automatic control systems, quality control of mixing in spinning systems, algorithms of interaction between microcontroller and personal computer

The work is devoted to the development and research of a heat exchanger for a contact gas-liquid heat exchanger. To increase the efficiency of heat transfer, the surface receiving heat is equipped with longitudinal fins and transverse partitions that form vortex structures in a turbulent gas flow. The expected decrease in gas temperature is 300-600 °C when cooled with water at a temperature of 50 °C. Simulation modeling has been carried out, including analysis of temperature distribution and hydraulic resistance, thermal power and stresses.

Keywords: heat exchanger, efficiency improvement, exhaust flue gas, heat recovery, mixing heat exchanger, numerical modeling, mathematical model, pixelation method

The article discusses the developed software application for synchronizing the class schedule in the Modeus system with other systems and various devices. The experience of creating a service that integrates the class schedule into the calendar application, ensuring the relevance of data and its availability to users is described in detail. The features of interaction with the Modeus platform are analyzed, including disadvantages such as unstable access and the need for manual data entry. Mechanisms for optimizing the schedule update using the iCalendar format are proposed, which allows automating processes and reducing the likelihood of errors. The results of implementing the developed application, its impact on improving the convenience of the educational process for students and teachers are presented, and the prospects for scaling the application to other educational institutions are considered.

Keywords: curriculum, university, Modeus, SaaS, software agent, calendar, information board, iCalendar, BOOCO, educational process

The present paper examines the actual problem of using graphics processing units (GPUs) in computing processes that are traditionally performed on central processing units (CPUs). With the development of technology and the advent of specialized architectures and libraries, GPUs have become indispensable in areas requiring intensive computing. The article examines in detail the advantages of using GPUs compared to traditional CPUs, justifying this with their ability to process in parallel and high throughput, which makes them an ideal tool for working with large amounts of data.are accidents caused by violations of rules and regulations at work sites, among them cases related to non-compliance with the rules of wearing protective helmets. The article examines methods and algorithms for recognizing protective helmets and helmets, and assesses their effectiveness.

Keywords: graphics processors, GPU, CUDA, OpenCL, cuBLAS, CL Blast, rocBLAS, parallel data processing, mathematical calculations, code optimization, memory management, machine learning, scientific research

This study examines the combination of several non-destructive partial discharge (PD) detection methods to improve the accuracy of their detection. An analysis of methods for detecting PD in high-voltage insulation, a consideration of their features, and an analysis of the possibility of combining them to achieve the most accurate measurements were carried out. Analysis of the practical effectiveness of combining methods based on the developed variations of installations operating on the principles of two or more detection methods. Options for installations for PD detection that combine two or more detection methods are considered. A conclusion is given about the possibility of combining various methods of detecting partial discharges, taking into account the peculiarities of this type of combination. The simplest and most effective at the moment is the use of measuring cells that combine electromagnetic and acoustic detection methods.

Keywords: partial discharges; non-destructive testing of insulation; high voltage insulator; diagnostic methods for insulators

The article proposes a variant of an electromagnetic drive for controlling an unmanned aerial vehicle for monitoring power facilities and develops calculation ratios that determine its electromechanical and dynamic processes. The structure and main characteristics of the pulse drive control have been developed. The conducted research can be used in the implementation of the steering drive project of a modern unmanned aerial vehicle.

Keywords: electromagnetic drive, pulse control, multipolar pulse width modulation, block diagram, magnetic induction, moment, constant, pulse element, control current, inertia

Stepper motors are often used in automated laser cutting systems. The control circuit of a stepper motor requires a special electronic device - a driver, which receives logical signals as input and changes the current in the motor windings to provide motion parameters. This research study evaluated stepper motor drivers to determine the feasibility of their use - PLDS880, OSM-42RA, OSM-88RA. To control the system, software code was written, which was connected to the controller via a link board. With each driver, in different modes, optimal parameters were selected (initial speed, final speed and acceleration), that is, the movement of the carriage without stalling for ten passes with a minimum travel time. The results of the experiments are presented in the form of tables.

Keywords: laser, laser cutting, automation, technological process, stepper motor, performance, driver, controller, control circuit, optimal parameters

The article discusses identification methods in industry and equipment presented on the Russian market for marking and identification of objects. The purpose of the article is to analyze the equipment and installations available on the Russian market for marking and identification of straight-seam steel pipes in production. A comparison of methods based on a scoring system for marking and identification of straight-seam steel pipes in production is presented. Barcode marking technologies using labels, laser marking and RFID tags are presented and considered as identification methods.

Keywords: barcoding, laser marking, RFID tag, straight-seam steel pipe, thermal label printer, automated identification system

The integration of blockchain technology with the Internet of Things (IoT) offers transformative potential for various sectors. This article delves into 16 distinct methods of integrating blockchain with IoT, emphasizing that there isn't a one-size-fits-all solution. Each method has its unique advantages and potential drawbacks, necessitating careful consideration based on specific IoT system requirements. For instance, integrating with public blockchains like Bitcoin and Ethereum offers transparency and decentralization but faces scalability issues. Sidechains introduce flexibility but might pose security risks. Blockchain platforms like Hyperledger Fabric expedite development but can lead to vendor lock-in. The diversity of these methods underscores the importance of a well-thought-out approach tailored to the specific needs of the IoT system in question. As technology evolves, we anticipate more innovative approaches to emerge, emphasizing the continuous need for research, experimentation, and collaboration to fully harness the potential of IoT and blockchain integration.

Keywords: blockchain , IOT , BIoT, smart contracts, IoT security

The study presents an extensive analysis of methods for low-level optimization of the matrix multiplication algorithm for computing systems with shared memory. Based on a comparison of various approaches, including block optimization, parallel execution with OpenMP, vectorization with AVX and the use of the Intel MKL library, significant improvements in the performance of the resulting software implementations are revealed. In particular, block optimization reduces the number of cache misses, parallelism effectively uses multicore, and vectorization and Intel MKL demonstrate maximum acceleration due to more efficient software optimizations. The obtained results emphasize the importance of careful selection of optimization methods and their compliance with the architecture of the computing system in order to achieve the required performance parameters of the designed software.

Keywords: low-level optimization, block optimization, parallel execution, OpenMP, vectorization, AVX, Intel MKL, performance, benchmarking, matrix multiplication

The problem of building a model of an intelligent system for continuous monitoring of the density of asphalt concrete mixture for vibrating rollers is considered. The methodology and theoretical foundations of the construction of such systems for road machines were considered by the author earlier in the author's publications. Four models of functional dependencies of compaction quality indicators on variable dynamic parameters of the system are proposed. An algorithm that implements the proposed method is presented, as well as scientific results obtained on the basis of measured signals of vibration parameters in a field experimental study during the construction of the upper layer of asphalt concrete pavement of a highway. Scientific results were obtained on the basis of the analysis of data of variables in the time domain.

Keywords: intelligent system, fuzzy neural network, asphalt roller

The high relevance of issues related to the import substitution of foreign controller equipment with domestic developments for automated process control systems at mining and metallurgical companies is dictated by the lack of possibility of purchasing and technical support for automated process control components to ensure continuous production of mining and metallurgical enterprises, as well as to meet the needs of the country ferrous metallurgy products. This article discusses the development of an automated control system for the technological process of steel production in an oxygen converter at the Novolipetsk Metallurgical Plant using controllers from a domestic manufacturer. The transition to automated control systems based on domestic controller equipment is a strategically important step for the enterprise, aimed at increasing the efficiency of production processes, increasing system reliability and production stability, by optimizing technological processes and reducing production dependence on imported equipment.

Keywords: import substitution, converter, oxygen-converter production, steel production, controller, automated control systems

The traditional cycle of manufacturing high-tech electronic products was examined, and a methodology for its optimization was developed. The interrelation between the stages of design documentation development and the electronic structure of the product was established. The methodology significantly reduced the manufacturing time of products by parallel development of the electronic structure alongside the product. The rationale for applying the methodology in design was provided.

Keywords: electronic structure of the product, eBOM, 1C:PLM, procurement of components

Currently one of the promising trends in the global energy sector is the introduction of renewable energy sources (RES) into the existing grid. The use of RES can be favourable in autonomous power systems where fuel costs are high. However the stochastic nature of power generation creates a number of difficulties in maintaining the power balance. To solve this problem, it is proposed to connect a hybrid energy storage system (HESS) consisting of a battery and a supercapacitor to the load busbars. The efficiency of such HESS depends mainly on the way of its connection to the grid and the choice of control method. The article gives an overview of the existing mechanisms for controlling the power consumption of HESS.

Keywords: Renewable energy, hybrid electricity storage, power converter topology, electricity storage control strategy

The subject of this article is the development of a behavior pattern with AI elements for an opponent bot in the single-player game Steal Tower. The essence of which is to collect resources to build a tower faster than opponents. To create the illusion that the same people are playing against the player, an imitation stochastic model based on the Monte Carlo method for Markov chains has been developed. Based on the results of its tests, balanced system parameters were determined, which are embedded in the behavioral pattern of the bot, which is implemented using the Enum AIStates enumeration consisting of five states: Idle (inactivity), GoTo (movement) and GoToWarehouse (return to the warehouse), Win (victory), Loose (scoring). Each of them has developed functions for the optimal behavior of the bot given in the article. So for the GoTo state, functions have been created that analyze the benefits of different types of behavior: steal or collect, or walk to the warehouse or to the tower.

Keywords: game intelligence, behavioral pattern, live world emulation, bot behavior scenario, state structure, Markov chains, Monte Carlo method, simulation model, Unity environment, C# language

Stepper motors are often used in automated laser cutting systems. The control circuit of a stepper motor requires a special electronic device - a driver, which receives logical signals as input and changes the current in the motor windings to provide motion parameters. This research study evaluated stepper motor drivers to determine the feasibility of their use - PLDS880, OSM-42RA, OSM-88RA. To control the system, software code was written, which was connected to the controller via a link board. With each driver, in different modes, optimal parameters were selected (initial speed, final speed and acceleration), that is, the movement of the carriage without stalling for ten passes with a minimum travel time. The results of the experiments are presented in the form of tables.

Keywords: laser, laser cutting, automation, technological process, stepper motor, performance, driver, controller, control circuit, optimal parameters

The validity of analytical models of the process of one-parameter selective assembly of two elements was evaluated by comparison with the results of simulation modelling. A series of machine experiments including one-factor and two-factor experiments were carried out. At the accepted levels of variation of factors, the confidence interval of the probability of yield of good products from the initial population of elements that did not pass sorting was determined using Student's criterion at the given level of significance and number of degrees of freedom. Comparison of the simulation results revealed the facts of reaching the specified process indicator, determined by the analytical model, for all experiments within the confidence intervals and the presence of relatively small deviations from their centres.

Keywords: selective assembly, analytical model, simulation model, measurement error, simulation results

This article provides a description of the developed hardware and software complex for controlling lamps using the DALI protocol, design features and software code, recommendations for operation.and development of new production on available floor spaces. The most important organizational economic targets of a diversification of management are presented by innovative activity of the industrial enterprise.

Keywords: DALI protocol, lighting device, lighting control, Arduino, luminous flux

This article explores the introduction and implementation of neural network models in the field of agriculture, with an emphasis on their use in smart greenhouses. Smart greenhouses are innovative systems for controlling the microclimate and other factors affecting plant growth. Using neural networks trained on data on soil moisture, temperature, illumination and other parameters, it is possible to predict future indicators with high accuracy. The article discusses the stages of data collection and preparation, the learning process of neural networks, as well as the practical implementation of this approach. The results of the study highlight the prospects for the introduction of neural networks in the agricultural sector and their important role in optimizing plant growth processes and increasing the productivity of agricultural enterprises.

Keywords: neural network, predicting indicators, smart greenhouse, artificial intelligence, data modeling, microclimate

The work is devoted to an urgent problem - the development of automated process control systems for the production of bricks with improved characteristics. The purpose of the article is to define and systematize the tasks of automation of brick production control systems, to develop both an algorithm for managing brick production and a generalized structure of automated control systems for brick production, and the tasks of the work are: optimization of control automation levels that determine the generalized structure of automated control systems for brick production, determination of information collection subsystems corresponding to the stages of brick production, and development of their structures, the choice of basic measurement tools for information collection subsystems. The results of the work are: systematization of requirements for modern automated process control systems, development of an algorithm for controlling technological processes and a generalized structural scheme of automated process control systems for brick production, development of information collection subsystems for the developed automated process control system, development of the structure of a local automated process control system in brick production - brick drying. The developed technical solutions can be recommended for control automation in various industries.

Keywords: brick production, technological process, drying, firing, control algorithm, automated control system, structural scheme, information collection subsystem, single-channel circuit, multi-channel circuit, measuring circuit, four-arm bridge circuit

This paper examines and compares two neural networks, U-Net-Attention and SegGPT, which use different attention mechanisms to find relationships between different parts of the input and output data. The U-Net-Attention architecture is a dual-layer attention U-Net neural network, an efficient neural network for image segmentation. It has an encoder and decoder, combined connections between layers and connections that pass through hidden layers, which allows information about the local properties of feature maps to be conveyed. To improve the quality of segmentation, the original U-Net architecture includes an attention layer, which helps to enhance the search for the image features we need. The SegGPT model is based on the Visual Transformers architecture and also uses an attention mechanism. Both models focus attention on important aspects of a problem and can be effective in solving a variety of problems. In this work, we compared their work on segmenting cracks in road surface images to further classify the condition of the road surface as a whole. An analysis and conclusions are also made about the possibilities of using architectural transformers to solve a wide range of problems.

Keywords: machine learning, Transformer neural networks, U-Net-Attention, SegGPT, roadway condition analysis, computer vision